Personality characteristics below facets: A replication and meta-analysis of cross-rater agreement, rank-order stability, heritability, and utility of personality nuances.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: American Psychological Association Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0014171 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1939-1315 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00223514 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Pers Soc Psychol Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: Washington Dc : American Psychological Association
      Original Publication: Washington, American Psychological Assn.
    • Subject Terms:
      Character*; Personality Disorders/*diagnosis ; Personality Tests/*statistics & numerical data; Adult ; Age Factors ; Australia ; Body Mass Index ; Canada ; Cross-Cultural Comparison ; Female ; Humans ; Japan ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Observer Variation ; Personality Disorders/genetics ; Personality Disorders/psychology ; Sex Factors
    • Abstract:
      Mõttus and colleagues (2017) reported evidence that the unique variance in specific personality characteristics captured by single descriptive items often displayed trait-like properties of cross-rater agreement, rank-order stability, and heritability. They suggested that the personality hierarchy should be extended below facets to incorporate these specific characteristics, called personality nuances. The present study attempted to replicate these findings, employing data from 6,287 individuals from 6 countries (Australia, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Japan, and United States). The same personality measure-240-item Revised NEO Personality Inventory-and statistical procedures were used. The present findings closely replicated the original results. When the original and current results were meta-analyzed, the unique variance of nearly all items (i.e., items' scores residualized for all broader personality traits) showed statistically significant cross-rater agreement (median = .12) and rank-order stability over an average of 12 years (median = .24), and the unique variance of the majority of items had a significant heritable component (median = .14). These 3 item properties were intercorrelated, suggesting that items systematically differed in the degree of reflecting valid unique variance. Also, associations of items' unique variance with age, gender, and body mass index (BMI) replicated across samples and tracked with the original findings. Moreover, associations between item residuals and BMI obtained from one group of people allowed for a significant incremental prediction of BMI in an independent sample. Overall, these findings reinforce the hypotheses that nuances constitute the building blocks of the personality trait hierarchy, their properties are robust and they can be useful. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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    • Grant Information:
      R01 AG053297 United States AG NIA NIH HHS; R03 AG051960 United States AG NIA NIH HHS; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Danish Medical Research Council; Czech Academy of Sciences; National Institutes of Health; National Institute on Aging; QIMR Berghofer; National Health and Medical Research Council; Czech Science Foundation
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20180727 Date Completed: 20200110 Latest Revision: 20210109
    • Publication Date:
      20221213
    • Accession Number:
      PMC6348042
    • Accession Number:
      10.1037/pspp0000202
    • Accession Number:
      30047763