Current Evidence on Dental Implants Outcomes in Smokers and Nonsmokers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

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  • Author(s): Alfadda SA;Alfadda SA
  • Source:
    The Journal of oral implantology [J Oral Implantol] 2018 Oct; Vol. 44 (5), pp. 390-399. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Jun 04.
  • Publication Type:
    Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Systematic Review
  • Language:
    English
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: American Academy Of Implant Dentistry Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7801086 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 0160-6972 (Print) Linking ISSN: 01606972 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Oral Implantol
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: Lawrence Ks : Lawrence, KS : American Academy Of Implant Dentistry ; Co-published by Allen Press Publishing Services
      Original Publication: Abington, Mass., American Academy of Implant Dentistry.
    • Subject Terms:
      Dental Implants* ; Dental Restoration Failure* ; Smoking*/adverse effects; Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Humans ; Non-Smokers ; Prospective Studies ; Smokers
    • Abstract:
      This systematic review aims to answer the following PICO (Participants, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome) question: "Does smoking increase the rates of implant failure and peri-implant marginal bone loss in patients with dental implants?" An extensive electronic search of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases and a subsequent hand search were performed. Only randomized controlled trial, controlled clinical trials, and prospective studies published up to January 2017 were included. For dichotomous outcomes, the effect estimates for smoking are expressed as odds ratios and 95% CIs. For continuous outcomes, weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% CIs are presented. Three randomized controlled trials and 7 prospective studies were included. The odds ratio for implant failure among smokers was 2.92 (95% CI, 1.76-4.83) ( P < .001). First-year marginal bone loss in smokers ranged from 0.02 to 0.45 mm. In the nonsmokers, bone loss ranged from -0.08 to 0.42 mm. Nonsmokers lost significantly less bone during the first year (WMD = 0.11 mm, 95% CI. 0.03-0.19) and subsequent years (WMD = 0.11 mm, 95% CI, 0.03-0.19, P = .009). The available scientific evidence suggests that smoking is associated with significantly increased rates of implant failure and marginal bone loss.
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: dental implant; failure; marginal bone loss; meta-analysis.; smoking; systematic review; tobacco
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Dental Implants)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20180605 Date Completed: 20190502 Latest Revision: 20190502
    • Publication Date:
      20240829
    • Accession Number:
      10.1563/aaid-joi-D-17-00313
    • Accession Number:
      29864381