Neural networks supporting audiovisual integration for speech: A large-scale lesion study.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Masson Country of Publication: Italy NLM ID: 0100725 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1973-8102 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00109452 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Cortex Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: Milan : Masson
      Original Publication: Varese.
    • Subject Terms:
      Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Brain/*physiopathology ; Nerve Net/*physiopathology ; Speech/*physiology ; Speech Perception/*physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Cues ; Female ; Functional Laterality/physiology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Nerve Net/diagnostic imaging ; Neuroimaging ; Stroke/diagnostic imaging ; Stroke/physiopathology
    • Abstract:
      Auditory and visual speech information are often strongly integrated resulting in perceptual enhancements for audiovisual (AV) speech over audio alone and sometimes yielding compelling illusory fusion percepts when AV cues are mismatched, the McGurk-MacDonald effect. Previous research has identified three candidate regions thought to be critical for AV speech integration: the posterior superior temporal sulcus (STS), early auditory cortex, and the posterior inferior frontal gyrus. We assess the causal involvement of these regions (and others) in the first large-scale (N = 100) lesion-based study of AV speech integration. Two primary findings emerged. First, behavioral performance and lesion maps for AV enhancement and illusory fusion measures indicate that classic metrics of AV speech integration are not necessarily measuring the same process. Second, lesions involving superior temporal auditory, lateral occipital visual, and multisensory zones in the STS are the most disruptive to AV speech integration. Further, when AV speech integration fails, the nature of the failure-auditory vs visual capture-can be predicted from the location of the lesions. These findings show that AV speech processing is supported by unimodal auditory and visual cortices as well as multimodal regions such as the STS at their boundary. Motor related frontal regions do not appear to play a role in AV speech integration.
      (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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    • Grant Information:
      P50 DC014664 United States DC NIDCD NIH HHS; R01 DC009659 United States DC NIDCD NIH HHS; T32 DC007361 United States DC NIDCD NIH HHS; T32 DC014435 United States DC NIDCD NIH HHS
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Speech audiovisual stroke language aphasia
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20180430 Date Completed: 20191011 Latest Revision: 20191011
    • Publication Date:
      20231215
    • Accession Number:
      PMC6223621
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.cortex.2018.03.030
    • Accession Number:
      29705718