Persistence of Viruses by qPCR Downstream of Three Effluent-Dominated Rivers in the Western United States.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101483831 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1867-0342 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 18670334 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Food Environ Virol Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: New York : Springer
    • Subject Terms:
      Adenoviridae/*growth & development ; Enterovirus/*growth & development ; Kobuvirus/*growth & development ; Norovirus/*growth & development ; Rivers/*virology ; Sewage/*virology ; Tobamovirus/*growth & development; Adenoviridae/genetics ; Enterovirus/genetics ; Environmental Monitoring ; Humans ; Kobuvirus/genetics ; Norovirus/genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods ; Tobamovirus/genetics ; United States ; Wastewater/virology ; Water Microbiology
    • Abstract:
      This study was designed to determine the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) signal persistence of viruses in three effluent-dominated streams. Samples were collected from the effluent outfall of three wastewater treatment plants in the Western United States and downstream at different locations. All samples were tested for the presence of pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), adenoviruses, norovirus GI and GII, Aichi virus, and enteroviruses using qPCR. PMMoV was detected most frequently in 54/57 (94.7%) samples, followed by adenoviruses which was detected in 21/57 (36.8%) samples. PMMoV was detected at all locations downstream and up to 32 km from the discharge point. This study demonstrated that the detection signal of PMMoV was able to persist in wastewater discharges to a greater degree than human enteric viruses in effluent-dominated rivers.
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    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Effluent-dominated river; Enteric virus; Pepper mild mottle virus; Persistence; Quantitative PCR; Wastewater
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Sewage)
      0 (Waste Water)
    • Subject Terms:
      Pepper mild mottle virus
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20180422 Date Completed: 20190219 Latest Revision: 20221207
    • Publication Date:
      20231215
    • Accession Number:
      10.1007/s12560-018-9343-7
    • Accession Number:
      29679283