Biomarkers of diabetic kidney disease.

Publisher: Springer Verlag Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 0006777 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1432-0428 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0012186X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Diabetologia Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Berlin Springer Verlag

Glomerular Filtration Rate*; Albuminuria/*diagnosis ; Biomarkers/*analysis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/*complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*complications ; Diabetic Nephropathies/*diagnosis; Albuminuria/physiopathology ; Algorithms ; Animals ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Kidney/metabolism ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications ; Metabolomics ; MicroRNAs/metabolism ; Prognosis ; Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 Protein/metabolism ; Proteomics

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains one of the leading causes of reduced lifespan in diabetes. The quest for both prognostic and surrogate endpoint biomarkers for advanced DKD and end-stage renal disease has received major investment and interest in recent years. However, at present no novel biomarkers are in routine use in the clinic or in trials. This review focuses on the current status of prognostic biomarkers. First, we emphasise that albuminuria and eGFR, with other routine clinical data, show at least modest prediction of future renal status if properly used. Indeed, a major limitation of many current biomarker studies is that they do not properly evaluate the marginal increase in prediction on top of these routinely available clinical data. Second, we emphasise that many of the candidate biomarkers for which there are numerous sporadic reports in the literature are tightly correlated with each other. Despite this, few studies have attempted to evaluate a wide range of biomarkers simultaneously to define the most useful among these correlated biomarkers. We also review the potential of high-dimensional panels of lipids, metabolites and proteins to advance the field, and point to some of the analytical and post-analytical challenges of taking initial studies using these and candidate approaches through to actual clinical biomarker use.

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Keywords: Biomarker; Diabetic kidney disease; Epidemiology; Nephropathy; Review

0 (Biomarkers)
0 (MicroRNAs)
0 (PDCD1LG2 protein, human)
0 (Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 Protein)

Date Created: 20180310 Date Completed: 20190128 Latest Revision: 20190418

20221213

PMC6448994

10.1007/s00125-018-4567-5

29520581