Assessing the Ability of Hospital Diagnosis Codes to Detect Inpatient Exposure to Antibacterial Agents.

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  • Author(s): Ray MJ;Ray MJ; Trick WE; Trick WE; Lin MY; Lin MY
  • Source:
    Infection control and hospital epidemiology [Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol] 2018 Apr; Vol. 39 (4), pp. 377-382. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Feb 20.
  • Publication Type:
    Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
  • Language:
    English
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Cambridge University Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8804099 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1559-6834 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0899823X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: Jan. 2015- : Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
      Original Publication: [Thorofare, N.J. ] : SLACK Inc., c1988-
    • Subject Terms:
      Anti-Bacterial Agents*/classification ; Anti-Bacterial Agents*/pharmacology ; Cross Infection*/diagnosis ; Cross Infection*/drug therapy ; Cross Infection*/epidemiology ; Cross Infection*/prevention & control ; Hospitals*/standards ; Hospitals*/statistics & numerical data; Disease Notification/methods ; Disease Notification/standards ; Drug Resistance, Multiple/drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; Illinois/epidemiology ; International Classification of Diseases ; Male ; Medical Records/statistics & numerical data ; Middle Aged ; Patient Discharge/standards ; Patient Discharge/statistics & numerical data ; Risk Assessment
    • Abstract:
      OBJECTIVE Because antibacterial history is difficult to obtain, especially when the exposure occurred at an outside hospital, we assessed whether infection-related diagnostic billing codes, which are more readily available through hospital discharge databases, could infer prior antibacterial receipt. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS This study included 121,916 hospitalizations representing 78,094 patients across the 3 hospitals. METHODS We obtained hospital inpatient data from 3 Chicago-area hospitals. Encounters were categorized as "infection" if at least 1 International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) code indicated a bacterial infection. From medication administration records, we categorized antibacterial agents and calculated total therapy days using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) definitions. We evaluated bivariate associations between infection encounters and 3 categories of antibacterial exposure: any, broad spectrum, or surgical prophylaxis. We constructed multivariable models to evaluate adjusted risk ratios for antibacterial receipt. RESULTS Of the 121,916 inpatient encounters (78,094 patients) across the 3 hospitals, 24% had an associated infection code, 47% received an antibacterial, and 13% received a broad-spectrum antibacterial. Infection-related ICD-9-CM codes were associated with a 2-fold increase in antibacterial administration compared to those lacking such codes (RR, 2.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.27-2.31) and a 5-fold increased risk for broad-spectrum antibacterial administration (RR, 5.52; 95% CI, 5.37-5.67). Encounters with infection codes had 3 times the number of antibacterial days. CONCLUSIONS Infection diagnostic billing codes are strong surrogate markers for prior antibacterial exposure, especially to broad-spectrum antibacterial agents; such an association can be used to enhance early identification of patients at risk of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) carriage at the time of admission. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:377-382.
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    • Grant Information:
      U54 CK000161 United States CK NCEZID CDC HHS; U54 CK000481 United States CK NCEZID CDC HHS
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20180221 Date Completed: 20191106 Latest Revision: 20240403
    • Publication Date:
      20240403
    • Accession Number:
      PMC8383290
    • Accession Number:
      10.1017/ice.2018.23
    • Accession Number:
      29460713