Low Prevalence of Hepatitis B Vaccination Among Patients Receiving Medical Care for HIV Infection in the United States, 2009 to 2012.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: American College of Physicians--American Society of Internal Medicine Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0372351 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1539-3704 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00034819 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Ann Intern Med Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: <2001->: Philadelphia, PA : American College of Physicians--American Society of Internal Medicine
      Original Publication: Philadelphia [etc.] American College of Physicians.
    • Subject Terms:
      HIV Infections/*drug therapy ; Hepatitis B/*prevention & control ; Hepatitis B Vaccines/*administration & dosage; Adolescent ; Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Hepatitis B/epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Population Surveillance ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; United States/epidemiology
    • Abstract:
      Background: Persons with HIV infection are at increased risk for hepatitis B virus infection. In 2016, the World Health Organization resolved to eliminate hepatitis B as a public health threat by 2030.
      Objective: To estimate the prevalence of hepatitis B vaccination among U.S. patients receiving medical care for HIV infection ("HIV patients").
      Design: Nationally representative cross-sectional survey.
      Setting: United States.
      Participants: 18 089 adults receiving HIV medical care who participated in the Medical Monitoring Project during 2009 to 2012.
      Measurements: Primary outcomes were prevalence of 1) no documentation of hepatitis B vaccination or laboratory evidence of immunity or infection (candidates to initiate vaccination), and 2) initiation of vaccination among candidates, defined as documentation of at least 1 vaccine dose in a 1-year surveillance period during which patients received ongoing HIV medical care.
      Results: At the beginning of the surveillance period, 44.2% (95% CI, 42.2% to 46.2%) of U.S. HIV patients were candidates to initiate vaccination. By the end of the surveillance period, 9.6% (CI, 8.4% to 10.8%) of candidates were vaccinated, 7.5% (CI, 6.4% to 8.6%) had no documented vaccination but had documented infection or immunity, and 82.9% (CI, 81.1% to 84.7%) remained candidates. Among patients at facilities funded by the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program (RWHAP), 12.5% (CI, 11.1% to 13.9%) were vaccinated during the surveillance period versus 3.7% (CI, 2.6% to 4.7%) at facilities not funded by RWHAP. At the end of surveillance, 36.7% (CI, 34.4% to 38.9%) of HIV patients were candidates to initiate vaccination.
      Limitation: The study was not designed to describe vaccine series completion or actual prevalence of immunity.
      Conclusion: More than one third of U.S. HIV patients had missed opportunities to initiate hepatitis B vaccination. Meeting goals for hepatitis B elimination will require increased vaccination of HIV patients in all practice settings, particularly at facilities not funded by RWHAP.
      Primary Funding Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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    • Grant Information:
      CC999999 United States Intramural CDC HHS
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Hepatitis B Vaccines)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20171227 Date Completed: 20181231 Latest Revision: 20200306
    • Publication Date:
      20240829
    • Accession Number:
      PMC5820114
    • Accession Number:
      10.7326/M17-1689
    • Accession Number:
      29277848