Impact of heavy metal on activity of some microbial enzymes in the riverbed sediments: Ecotoxicological implications in the Ganga River (India).

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  • Author(s): Jaiswal D;Jaiswal D; Pandey J; Pandey J
  • Source:
    Ecotoxicology and environmental safety [Ecotoxicol Environ Saf] 2018 Apr 15; Vol. 150, pp. 104-115. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Dec 19.
  • Publication Type:
    Journal Article
  • Language:
    English
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 7805381 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1090-2414 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01476513 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier
    • Subject Terms:
      Environmental Monitoring/*methods ; Geologic Sediments/*microbiology ; Hydrolases/*metabolism ; Metals, Heavy/*toxicity ; Rivers/*microbiology ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/*toxicity; Alkaline Phosphatase/metabolism ; Ecotoxicology ; Geologic Sediments/chemistry ; Glucosidases/metabolism ; India ; Metals, Heavy/analysis ; Peptide Hydrolases/metabolism ; Rivers/chemistry ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
    • Abstract:
      We studied the extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) in the riverbed sediment along a 518km gradient of the Ganga River receiving carbon and nutrient load from varied human sources. Also, we tested, together with substrate-driven stimulation, if the heavy metal accumulated in the sediment inhibits enzyme activities. Because pristine values are not available, we considered Dev Prayag, a least polluted site located 624km upstream to main study stretch, as a reference site. There were distinct increases in enzyme activities in the sediment along the study gradient from Dev Prayag, however, between-site differences were in concordance with sediment carbon(C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis (FDAase), β-glucosidase (Glu) and protease activities showed positive correlation with C, N and P while alkaline phosphatase was found negatively correlated with P. Enzyme activities were found negatively correlated with heavy metal, although ecological risk index (E R i ) varied with site and metal species. Dynamic fit curves showed significant positive correlation between heavy metal and microbial metabolic quotient (qCO 2 ) indicating a decrease in microbial activity in response to increasing heavy metal concentrations. This study forms the first report linking microbial enzyme activities to regional scale sediment heavy metal accumulation in the Ganga River, suggests that the microbial enzyme activities in the riverbed sediment were well associated with the proportion of C, N and P and appeared to be a sensitive indicator of C, N and P accumulation in the river. Heavy metal accumulated in the sediment inhibits enzyme activities, although C rich sediment showed relatively low toxicity due probably to reduced bioavailability of the metal. The study has relevance from ecotoxicological as well as from biomonitoring perspectives.
      (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Bioavailability; Ecological risk index; Extracellular enzyme activity; Ganga River; Heavy metal; Microbial metabolic quotient
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Metals, Heavy)
      0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
      EC 3.- (Hydrolases)
      EC 3.1.3.1 (Alkaline Phosphatase)
      EC 3.2.1.- (Glucosidases)
      EC 3.4.- (Peptide Hydrolases)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20171223 Date Completed: 20180516 Latest Revision: 20181202
    • Publication Date:
      20231215
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.12.015
    • Accession Number:
      29272714