Ten-month-old infants infer the value of goals from the costs of actions.

Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0404511 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1095-9203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00368075 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Science Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: : Washington, DC : American Association for the Advancement of Science
Original Publication: New York, N.Y. : [s.n.] 1880-

Child Development* ; Comprehension* ; Goals*; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Psychology, Child

Infants understand that people pursue goals, but how do they learn which goals people prefer? We tested whether infants solve this problem by inverting a mental model of action planning, trading off the costs of acting against the rewards actions bring. After seeing an agent attain two goals equally often at varying costs, infants expected the agent to prefer the goal it attained through costlier actions. These expectations held across three experiments that conveyed cost through different physical path features (height, width, and incline angle), suggesting that an abstract variable-such as "force," "work," or "effort"-supported infants' inferences. We modeled infants' expectations as Bayesian inferences over utility-theoretic calculations, providing a bridge to recent quantitative accounts of action understanding in older children and adults.
(Copyright © 2017, American Association for the Advancement of Science.)

Comment in: Nat Hum Behav. 2018 Jan;2(1):12. (PMID: 30980054)

Date Created: 20171125 Date Completed: 20180406 Latest Revision: 20180406

20231215

10.1126/science.aag2132

29170232