Retention of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis: The role of co-occurring conditions in males and females.

Item request has been placed! ×
Item request cannot be made. ×
loading   Processing Request
Read More Add to Saved list
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 101300021 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 1750-9467 (Print) NLM ISO Abbreviation: Res Autism Spectr Disord Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Amsterdam : Elsevier
    • Abstract:
      This study examined associations between ASD diagnosis retention and non-ASD co-occurring conditions (CoCs) by child sex. The sample included 7077 males and 1487 females who had an ASD diagnosis documented in their school or health records in a population-based ASD surveillance system for 8-year-old children. ASD diagnosis retention status was determined when an initial ASD diagnosis was not later ruled out by a community professional. We found that ASD diagnosis remains fairly stable, with only 9% of children who had an initial documented ASD diagnosis later being ruled-out. Although most of the associations between the ASD diagnosis retention status and CoCs are similar in both sexes, the co-occurrence of developmental diagnoses (e.g., intellectual disability or sensory integration disorder) was predictive of ASD diagnostic changes in males, whereas the co-occurrence of specific developmental (e.g., personal/social delay) and neurological diagnosis (e.g., epilepsy) was associated with ASD diagnostic change in females. More ASD-related evaluations and less ASD-related impairment were associated with later ASD rule outs in both sexes. Our findings highlight that CoCs can complicate the diagnostic picture and lead to an increased likelihood of ambiguity in ASD diagnosis. Using sensitive and appropriate measures in clinical practice is necessary for differential diagnosis, particularly when there are co-occurring developmental conditions.
      Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest The sponsor for the data collection of the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network is the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The sponsor had no involvement in (1) study design; (2) analysis, and interpretation of data; (3) the writing of the report; or (4) the decision to submit the paper for publication. The authors do not have any potential conflict of interest, real or perceived.
    • References:
      Autism. 2016 Oct;20(7):888-92. (PMID: 26685198)
      J Dev Phys Disabil. 2015 Feb;27(1):119-139. (PMID: 26146472)
      MMWR Surveill Summ. 2007 Feb 9;56(1):1-11. (PMID: 17287714)
      J Child Neurol. 2005 Mar;20(3):197-206. (PMID: 15832609)
      Neurology. 2000 Aug 22;55(4):468-79. (PMID: 10953176)
      Pediatrics. 2012 Feb;129(2):e305-16. (PMID: 22271695)
      Indian J Pediatr. 2011 Aug;78(8):941-5. (PMID: 21318394)
      J Autism Dev Disord. 2009 Dec;39(12):1715-22. (PMID: 19582563)
      J Autism Dev Disord. 2009 Jan;39(1):188-93. (PMID: 18594959)
      Disabil Health J. 2010 Apr;3(2):107-16. (PMID: 21122776)
      J Autism Dev Disord. 2008 Apr;38(4):606-15. (PMID: 17924183)
      J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2009 May;48(5):474-83. (PMID: 19318992)
      J Autism Dev Disord. 2011 Jan;41(1):110-21. (PMID: 20473589)
      MMWR Surveill Summ. 2012 Mar 30;61(3):1-19. (PMID: 22456193)
      Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006 Jun;63(6):694-701. (PMID: 16754843)
      MMWR Surveill Summ. 2014 Mar 28;63(2):1-21. (PMID: 24670961)
      Res Dev Disabil. 2011 Nov-Dec;32(6):2346-51. (PMID: 21824745)
      Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2009 Nov;18(11):663-74. (PMID: 19421728)
      Epilepsy Behav. 2015 Jun;47:183-90. (PMID: 25599987)
      J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2012 Jun;33(5):387-95. (PMID: 22580734)
      J Autism Dev Disord. 1993 Dec;23(4):579-91. (PMID: 8106301)
      J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2015 Sep;56(9):988-98. (PMID: 25921776)
      MMWR Surveill Summ. 2007 Feb 9;56(1):29-40. (PMID: 17287716)
      Biol Psychiatry. 2008 Oct 1;64(7):577-82. (PMID: 18565495)
      J Autism Dev Disord. 2007 Jan;37(1):86-97. (PMID: 17216333)
      MMWR Surveill Summ. 2009 Dec 18;58(10):1-20. (PMID: 20023608)
      Annu Rev Public Health. 2007;28:235-58. (PMID: 17367287)
      J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2006 Apr;27(2 Suppl):S79-87. (PMID: 16685189)
      J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2009 Oct;50(10):1235-45. (PMID: 19594835)
      J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2010 May;31(4):267-75. (PMID: 20431403)
      Autism Res. 2016 Jul;9(7):790-800. (PMID: 26613202)
      Ann Epidemiol. 2008 Feb;18(2):130-6. (PMID: 18083540)
      Autism. 2006 May;10(3):243-65. (PMID: 16682397)
      Autism Res. 2013 Dec;6(6):596-604. (PMID: 23873852)
    • Grant Information:
      CC999999 United States Intramural CDC HHS
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Autism spectrum disorder; Child sex; Co-occurring conditions (CoCs); Diagnosis retention
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20170923 Latest Revision: 20201001
    • Publication Date:
      20231215
    • Accession Number:
      PMC5603237
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.rasd.2016.02.001
    • Accession Number:
      28936232