Improved cognition while cycling in Parkinson's disease patients and healthy adults.

Publisher: Academic Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8218014 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1090-2147 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02782626 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Brain Cogn Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: New York : Academic Press, [c1982-

Bicycling/*physiology ; Cognition/*physiology ; Parkinson Disease/*psychology; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Executive Function/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Parkinson Disease/physiopathology ; Psychomotor Performance/physiology ; Reaction Time/physiology ; Task Performance and Analysis ; Walking

Persons with Parkinson's disease (PD) are typically more susceptible than healthy adults to impaired performance when two tasks (dual task interference) are performed simultaneously. This limitation has by many experts been attributed to limitations in cognitive resources. Nearly all studies of dual task performance in PD employ walking or balance-based motor tasks, which are commonly impaired in PD. These tasks can be performed using a combination of one or two executive function tasks. The current study examined whether persons with PD would demonstrate greater dual task effects (DTEs) on cognition compared to healthy older adults (HOAs) during a concurrent cycling task. Participants with and without PD completed a battery of 12 cognitive tasks assessing visual and verbal processing in the following cognitive domains: speed of processing, controlled processing, working memory and executive function. Persons with PD exhibited impairments compared to healthy participants in select tasks (i.e., 0-back, 2-back and operation span). Further, both groups unexpectedly exhibited dual task facilitation of response times in visual tasks across cognitive domains, and improved verbal recall during an executive function task. Only one measure, 2-back, showed a speed-accuracy trade-off in the dual task. These results demonstrate that, when paired with a motor task in which they are not impaired, people with PD exhibit similar DTEs on cognitive tasks as HOAs, even when these task effects are facilitative. More generally, these findings demonstrate that pairing cognitive tasks with cycling may actually improve cognitive performance which may have therapeutic relevance to cognitive decline associated with aging and PD pathology.
(Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

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R21 AG033284 United States AG NIA NIH HHS

Keywords: Cognition; Cognitive-motor interference; Dual task; Parkinson’s disease; Visual processing

Date Created: 20170115 Date Completed: 20170707 Latest Revision: 20240324

20240324

PMC5346468

10.1016/j.bandc.2017.01.002

28088064