Peace, Friendship, and Financial Panic: Reading the Mark of Black Hawk in Life of Ma-Ka-Tai-Me-She-Kia, Kiak.

The article provides a discussion of the autobiography of Black Hawk, a Sauk chief in frequent negotiation with the United States who never accepts or wears peace medals from U.S. The discussion is based on the context of Black Hawk's stand that the U.S. is a country with ideals and promises that he cannot trust; his autobiography is a general criticism of U.S. treaty negotiation practices. An overview of the history behind peace medals and their implication is included in the article as well as the views of the Sauk chief which is accounted in his autobiography. It is mentioned that an understanding of the history of peace medals would help readers understand the autobiography's thoughts on the treaty negotiation practices of the United States.