Rac1/RhoA antagonism defines cell-to-cell heterogeneity during epidermal morphogenesis in nematodes.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Rockefeller University Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0375356 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1540-8140 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00219525 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Cell Biol Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: New York : Rockefeller University Press
    • Subject Terms:
      Morphogenesis*; Caenorhabditis elegans/*growth & development ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/*metabolism ; Epidermis/*growth & development ; rac1 GTP-Binding Protein/*antagonists & inhibitors ; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/*antagonists & inhibitors; Animals ; Anisotropy ; Caenorhabditis elegans/cytology ; Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolism ; Cell Shape ; Epidermal Cells ; Epidermis/metabolism ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism ; Intercellular Junctions/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Mutation/genetics ; Myosins/metabolism ; Pseudopodia/metabolism ; rac1 GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism ; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism
    • Abstract:
      The antagonism between the GTPases Rac1 and RhoA controls cell-to-cell heterogeneity in isogenic populations of cells in vitro and epithelial morphogenesis in vivo. Its involvement in the regulation of cell-to-cell heterogeneity during epidermal morphogenesis has, however, never been addressed. We used a quantitative cell imaging approach to characterize epidermal morphogenesis at a single-cell level during early elongation of Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. This study reveals that a Rac1-like pathway, involving the Rac/Cdc42 guanine-exchange factor β-PIX/PIX-1 and effector PAK1/PAK-1, and a RhoA-like pathway, involving ROCK/LET-502, control the remodeling of apical junctions and the formation of basolateral protrusions in distinct subsets of hypodermal cells. In these contexts, protrusions adopt lamellipodia or an amoeboid morphology. We propose that lamella formation may reduce tension building at cell-cell junctions during morphogenesis. Cell-autonomous antagonism between these pathways enables cells to switch between Rac1- and RhoA-like morphogenetic programs. This study identifies the first case of cell-to-cell heterogeneity controlled by Rac1/RhoA antagonism during epidermal morphogenesis.
      (© 2016 Martin et al.)
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    • Grant Information:
      P40 OD010440 United States OD NIH HHS
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins)
      147336-22-9 (Green Fluorescent Proteins)
      EC 3.6.4.1 (Myosins)
      EC 3.6.5.2 (rac1 GTP-Binding Protein)
      EC 3.6.5.2 (rhoA GTP-Binding Protein)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20161109 Date Completed: 20170529 Latest Revision: 20240922
    • Publication Date:
      20240922
    • Accession Number:
      PMC5119937
    • Accession Number:
      10.1083/jcb.201604015
    • Accession Number:
      27821782