From immunotoxicity to carcinogenicity: the effects of carbamate pesticides on the immune system.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 9441769 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1614-7499 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09441344 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: <2013->: Berlin : Springer
      Original Publication: Landsberg, Germany : Ecomed
    • Subject Terms:
      Carbamates/*pharmacology ; Carcinogens/*pharmacology ; Immune System/*drug effects ; Pesticides/*pharmacology; Animals ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocytes/drug effects ; Lymphocytes/immunology
    • Abstract:
      The immune system can be the target of many chemicals, with potentially severe adverse effects on the host's health. In the literature, carbamate (CM) pesticides have been implicated in the increasing prevalence of diseases associated with alterations of the immune response, such as hypersensitivity reactions, some autoimmune diseases and cancers. CMs may initiate, facilitate, or exacerbate pathological immune processes, resulting in immunotoxicity by induction of mutations in genes coding for immunoregulatory factors and modifying immune tolerance. In the present study, direct immunotoxicity, endocrine disruption and inhibition of esterases activities have been introduced as the main mechanisms of CMs-induced immune dysregulation. Moreover, the evidence on the relationship between CM pesticide exposure, dysregulation of the immune system and predisposition to different types of cancers, allergies, autoimmune and infectious diseases is criticized. In addition, in this review, we will discuss the relationship between immunotoxicity and cancer, and the advances made toward understanding the basis of cancer immune evasion.
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    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Animal; Cancer; Carbamates; Human; Immune system; Immunotoxicity
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Carbamates)
      0 (Carcinogens)
      0 (Pesticides)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20160319 Date Completed: 20170504 Latest Revision: 20181202
    • Publication Date:
      20231215
    • Accession Number:
      10.1007/s11356-016-6418-6
    • Accession Number:
      26988364