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Systemic α-adrenergic and nitric oxide inhibition on basal limb blood flow: effects of endurance training in middle-aged and older adults.
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- Author(s): Sugawara, Jun; Komine, Hidehiko; Hayashi, Koichiro; Yoshizawa, Mutsuko; Otsuki, Takeshi; Shimojo, Nobutake; Miyauchi, Takashi; Yokoi, Takashi; Maeda, Seiji; Tanaka, Hirofumi
- Source:
American Journal of Physiology: Heart & Circulatory Physiology; Sep2007, Vol. 293 Issue 3, pH1466-H1472, 7p, 2 Charts, 4 Graphs- Subject Terms:
- Source:
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- Abstract: Endurance training improves endothelium-dependent vasodilation, yet it does not increase basal blood flow in the legs. We determined the effects of a 3-mo aerobic exercise intervention on basal leg blood flow and α-adrenergic vasoconstriction and nitric oxide (NO) release in seven apparently healthy middle-aged and older adults (60 ± 3 yr). Basal femoral artery blood flow (via Doppler ultrasound) (pretraining: 354 ± 29; posttraining: 335 ± 34 ml/min) and vascular conductance did not change significantly with the exercise training. Before the exercise intervention, femoral artery blood flow increased 32 ± 16% with systemic α-adrenergic blockade (with phentolamine) (P < 0.05), and the addition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition using NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) did not affect femoral artery blood flow. After training was completed, femoral artery blood flow increased 47 ± 7% with α-adrenergic blockade (P < 0.01) and then decreased 18 ± 7% with the subsequent administration of L-NMMA (P < 0.05). Leg vascular conductance showed a greater α-adrenergic blockade-induced vasodilation (+ 1.7 ± 0.5 to +3.0 ± 0.5 units, P < 0.05) as well as NOS inhibition-induced vasoconstriction (-0.8 ± 0.4 to -2.7 ± 0.7 units, P < 0.05) after the exercise intervention. Resting plasma norepinephrine concentration significantly increased after the training. These results suggest that regular aerobic exercise training enhances NO bioavailability in middle-aged and older adults and that basal limb blood flow does not change with exercise training because of the contrasting influences of sympathetic nervous system activity and endothelium-derived vasodilation on the vasculature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract: Copyright of American Journal of Physiology: Heart & Circulatory Physiology is the property of American Physiological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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