Stressful life events, ethnic identity, historical trauma, and participation in cultural activities: Associations with smoking behaviors among American Indian adolescents in California.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Elsevier Science Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 7603486 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-6327 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03064603 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Addict Behav Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: Oxford : Elsevier Science
      Original Publication: Oxford, Elmsford, N. Y., Pergamon Press.
    • Subject Terms:
      Culture* ; Life Change Events*; Adolescent Behavior/*psychology ; Ethnicity/*psychology ; Indians, North American/*psychology ; Smoking/*psychology; Adolescent ; Adult ; California/epidemiology ; Ethnicity/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Indians, North American/statistics & numerical data ; Male ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Smoking/epidemiology ; Social Identification ; Stress, Psychological/epidemiology ; Stress, Psychological/psychology ; Young Adult
    • Abstract:
      Introduction: American Indian (AI) adolescents have the highest prevalence of commercial tobacco use of any ethnic group in the United States. This study examines ethnic identity (EI), participation in cultural activities, and stressful life events (SLEs) as correlates of smoking and examines historical trauma (HT) as a mediator of these associations.
      Methods: California AI youth (N = 969, ages 13-19, recruited from 49 tribal youth organizations and cultural activities in urban and reservation areas in California) completed a tobacco survey. Structural equation modeling was used to test a model examining HT as a potential mediator of the associations of EI, participation in cultural activities, and SLEs with cigarette smoking.
      Results: Model fit was adequate. EI, participation in cultural activities, and SLEs predicted HT. HT mediated the associations of participation in cultural activities and SLEs with past-month smoking. Stronger EI predicted greater past-month smoking and this effect was mediated by greater HT. The direct effects from HT to both smoking outcomes were positive and the direct effect from EI to past-month smoking was negative.
      Conclusions: HT is a risk factor for cigarette smoking both directly and in mediating the links of EI, cultural activities, and SLEs. More efforts are needed to help AI youth to process these thoughts and empower themselves to contribute to their own lives and those of their families and communities without resorting to unhealthy addictive behaviors such as commercial tobacco use.
      (Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
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    • Grant Information:
      T32 CA009492 United States CA NCI NIH HHS; T32CA009492 United States CA NCI NIH HHS
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Adolescent; American Indian; Cultural activities; Ethnic identity; Historical trauma; Smoking
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20150624 Date Completed: 20160504 Latest Revision: 20240516
    • Publication Date:
      20240516
    • Accession Number:
      PMC4515401
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.06.005
    • Accession Number:
      26103424