Eukaryotic formylglycine-generating enzyme catalyses a monooxygenase type of reaction.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Published by Blackwell Pub. on behalf of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101229646 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1742-4658 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1742464X NLM ISO Abbreviation: FEBS J Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Oxford, UK : Published by Blackwell Pub. on behalf of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies, c2005-
    • Subject Terms:
      Alanine/*analogs & derivatives ; Glycine/*analogs & derivatives ; Mixed Function Oxygenases/*metabolism ; Oxygen/*metabolism ; Sulfatases/*metabolism; Alanine/chemistry ; Alanine/metabolism ; Animals ; Baculoviridae/genetics ; Biocatalysis ; Catalytic Domain ; Cysteine/chemistry ; Cysteine/metabolism ; Disulfides/chemistry ; Dithiothreitol/chemistry ; Enzyme Assays ; Gene Expression ; Glycine/chemistry ; Glycine/metabolism ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Mixed Function Oxygenases/chemistry ; Mixed Function Oxygenases/genetics ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidoreductases Acting on Sulfur Group Donors ; Oxygen/chemistry ; Recombinant Proteins/chemistry ; Recombinant Proteins/genetics ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Sf9 Cells ; Spodoptera ; Sulfatases/chemistry ; Sulfatases/genetics
    • Abstract:
      C α-formylglycine (FGly) is the catalytic residue of sulfatases in eukaryotes. It is generated by a unique post-translational modification catalysed by the FGly-generating enzyme (FGE) in the endoplasmic reticulum. FGE oxidizes a cysteine residue within the conserved CxPxR sequence motif of nascent sulfatase polypeptides to FGly. Here we show that this oxidation is strictly dependent on molecular oxygen (O2) and consumes 1 mol O2 per mol FGly formed. For maximal activity FGE requires an O2 concentration of 9% (105 μM). Sustained FGE activity further requires the presence of a thiol-based reductant such as DTT. FGly is also formed in the absence of DTT, but its formation ceases rapidly. Thus inactivated FGE accumulates in which the cysteine pair Cys336/Cys341 in the catalytic site is oxidized to form disulfide bridges between either Cys336 and Cys341 or Cys341 and the CxPxR cysteine of the sulfatase. These results strongly suggest that the Cys336/Cys341 pair is directly involved in the O2 -dependent conversion of the CxPxR cysteine to FGly. The available data characterize eukaryotic FGE as a monooxygenase, in which Cys336/Cys341 disulfide bridge formation donates the electrons required to reduce one oxygen atom of O2 to water while the other oxygen atom oxidizes the CxPxR cysteine to FGly. Regeneration of a reduced Cys336/Cys341 pair is accomplished in vivo by a yet unknown reductant of the endoplasmic reticulum or in vitro by DTT. Remarkably, this monooxygenase reaction utilizes O2 without involvement of any activating cofactor.
      (© 2015 FEBS.)
    • Comments:
      Comment in: FEBS J. 2015 Sep;282(17):3259-61. (PMID: 26179614)
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: catalysis; endoplasmic reticulum; formylglycine-generating enzyme; monooxygenase; multiple sulfatase deficiency
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Disulfides)
      0 (Recombinant Proteins)
      5735-66-0 (C(alpha)-formylglycine)
      EC 1.- (Mixed Function Oxygenases)
      EC 1.8.- (Oxidoreductases Acting on Sulfur Group Donors)
      EC 3.1.6.- (SUMF1 protein, human)
      EC 3.1.6.- (Sulfatases)
      K848JZ4886 (Cysteine)
      OF5P57N2ZX (Alanine)
      S88TT14065 (Oxygen)
      T8ID5YZU6Y (Dithiothreitol)
      TE7660XO1C (Glycine)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20150617 Date Completed: 20160225 Latest Revision: 20191210
    • Publication Date:
      20231215
    • Accession Number:
      10.1111/febs.13347
    • Accession Number:
      26077311