Plant-based, no-added-fat or American Heart Association diets: impact on cardiovascular risk in obese children with hypercholesterolemia and their parents.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Mosby Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0375410 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1097-6833 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00223476 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Pediatr Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: St. Louis, MO : Mosby
    • Subject Terms:
      Plants, Edible*; Cardiovascular Diseases/*diet therapy ; Diet, Fat-Restricted/*methods ; Hypercholesterolemia/*diet therapy ; Obesity/*diet therapy; Adolescent ; Adult ; American Heart Association ; Body Mass Index ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia/complications ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity/complications ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Time Factors ; United States/epidemiology
    • Abstract:
      Objective: To perform a randomized trial to determine whether there is cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk reduction from a plant-based (PB), no-added-fat diet and the American Heart Association (AHA) diet in children.
      Study Design: A 4-week (April 20, 2013 to May 18, 2013), prospective randomized trial was undertaken in a large, Midwestern hospital system's predominantly middle class outpatient pediatric practices. Thirty children (9-18 years of age) parent pairs with a last recorded child body mass index >95th percentile and child cholesterol >169 mg/dL were randomized to PB or AHA with weekly 2-hour classes of nutrition education.
      Results: Children on PB had 9 and children on AHA had 4 statistically significant (P < .05) beneficial changes from baseline (mean decreases): body mass index z-score(PB) (-0.14), systolic blood pressure(PB) (-6.43 mm Hg), total cholesterol(PB) (-22.5 mg/dL), low-density lipoprotein(PB) (-13.14 mg/dL), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(PB) (-2.09 mg/L), insulin(PB) (-5.42 uU/mL), myeloperoxidase(PB/AHA) (-75.34/69.23 pmol/L), mid-arm circumference(PB/AHA) (-2.02/-1.55 cm), weight(PB/AHA) (-3.05/-1.14 kg), and waist circumference(AHA) (-2.96 cm). Adults on PB and AHA had 7 and 2, respectively, statistically significant (P < .05) beneficial changes. The significant change favoring AHA was a 1% difference in children's waist circumference. Difficulty shopping for food for the PB was the only statistically significant acceptability barrier.
      Conclusions: PB and the AHA in both children and adults demonstrated potentially beneficial changes from baseline in risk factors for CVD. Future larger, long-term randomized trials with easily accessible PB foods will further define the role of the PB in preventing CVD.
      (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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    • Grant Information:
      UL1 RR024989 United States RR NCRR NIH HHS; UL1 TR000439 United States TR NCATS NIH HHS; R01 DK089547 United States DK NIDDK NIH HHS; UL1TR000439 United States TR NCATS NIH HHS; R01 AG012834 United States AG NIA NIH HHS
    • Molecular Sequence:
      ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01817491
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20150217 Date Completed: 20150702 Latest Revision: 20240610
    • Publication Date:
      20240610
    • Accession Number:
      PMC4380801
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.jpeds.2014.12.058
    • Accession Number:
      25684089