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Effects of extinction context and retrieval cues on renewal of alcohol-cue reactivity among alcohol-dependent outpatients.
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- Author(s): Stasiewicz, Paul R.; Bradizza, Clara M.; Brandon, Thomas H.
- Source:
Psychology of Addictive Behaviors; Jun2007, Vol. 21 Issue 2, p244-248, 5p- Subject Terms:
CLASSICAL conditioning; EXTINCTION (Psychology); CONTEXT effects (Psychology); PEOPLE with alcoholism; PSYCHOLOGY of alcoholism; ALCOHOL drinking prevention; REHABILITATION of people with alcoholism; AROUSAL (Physiology); COMPARATIVE studies; CONDITIONED response; DESENSITIZATION (Psychotherapy); ALCOHOL drinking; RESEARCH methodology; MEDICAL cooperation; MEMORY; REINFORCEMENT (Psychology); RESEARCH; RESEARCH funding; SUBSTANCE abuse treatment; TREATMENT programs; EVALUATION research; SOCIAL context; PROMPTS (Psychology) - Source:
- Additional Information
- Subject Terms:
- Abstract: Pavlovian conditioning models have led to cue-exposure treatments for drug abuse. However, conditioned responding to drug stimuli can return (be renewed) following treatment. Animal research and a previous study of social drinkers indicated that extinction is highly context dependent but that renewal could be reduced by the inclusion of a cue from the extinction context. This study extends this research to a clinical sample. Alcohol-dependent outpatients (N = 143) completed an extinction trial to reduce craving and salivation responses to alcohol cues. They were then randomized to renewal tests in either the same context as extinction, a different context, the different context containing an extinction cue, or the different context with cue plus a manipulation to increase the salience of the cue. Contrary to predictions, the different context did not produce the expected renewal effect. Although the generalization of extinction effects beyond the cue-exposure context is a positive clinical finding, it is inconsistent with basic research findings on the context dependence of extinction. Possible explanations for this inconsistency are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract: Copyright of Psychology of Addictive Behaviors is the property of American Psychological Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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