Health outcomes in young adults from foster care and economically diverse backgrounds.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: American Academy of Pediatrics Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0376422 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1098-4275 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00314005 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Pediatrics Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: Elk Grove Village Il : American Academy of Pediatrics
      Original Publication: Springfield, Ill., Thomas.
    • Subject Terms:
      Socioeconomic Factors*; Chronic Disease/*epidemiology ; Foster Home Care/*statistics & numerical data; Adolescent ; Adult ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control ; Chronic Disease/prevention & control ; Cohort Studies ; Comorbidity ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data ; Healthcare Disparities/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; Medicaid/statistics & numerical data ; Medically Uninsured/statistics & numerical data ; National Academy of Sciences, U.S. ; Odds Ratio ; Outcome Assessment, Health Care/statistics & numerical data ; Risk Factors ; United States ; Young Adult
    • Abstract:
      Background and Objectives: Foster youth have high rates of health problems in childhood. Little work has been done to determine whether they are similarly vulnerable to increased health problems once they transition to adulthood. We sought to prospectively evaluate the risk of cardiovascular risk factors and other chronic conditions among young adults formerly in foster care (FC) and young adults from economically insecure (EI) and economically secure (ES) backgrounds in the general population.
      Methods: We used data from the Midwest Evaluation of the Adult Functioning of Former Foster Youth (FC group; N = 596) and an age-matched sample from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (EI and ES groups; N = 456 and 1461, respectively). After controlling for covariates, we performed multivariate regressions to evaluate health outcomes and care access by group at 2 time points (baseline at late adolescence, follow-up at 25-26 years).
      Results: Data revealed a consistent pattern of graduated increase in odds of most health outcomes, progressing from ES to EI to FC groups. Health care access indicators were more variable; the FC group was most likely to report having Medicaid or no insurance but was least likely to report not getting needed care in the past year.
      Conclusions: Former foster youth appear to have a higher risk of multiple chronic health conditions, beyond that which is associated with economic insecurity. Findings may be relevant to policymakers and practitioners considering the implementation of extended insurance and foster care programs and interventions to reduce health disparities in young adulthood.
      (Copyright © 2014 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.)
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    • Grant Information:
      P01 HD031921 United States HD NICHD NIH HHS; 1K23MH09098 United States MH NIMH NIH HHS
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: cardiovascular disease; foster youth; health care disparities; young adult
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20141105 Date Completed: 20150209 Latest Revision: 20220410
    • Publication Date:
      20240628
    • Accession Number:
      PMC4243069
    • Accession Number:
      10.1542/peds.2014-1150
    • Accession Number:
      25367543