Risk factors and outcome of bacterial infections in cirrhosis.

Publisher: Baishideng Publishing Group Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 100883448 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2219-2840 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10079327 NLM ISO Abbreviation: World J Gastroenterol Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: 2014- : Pleasanton, CA : Baishideng Publishing Group
Original Publication: Beijing : WJG Press, c1998-

Bacterial Translocation*; Bacterial Infections/*microbiology ; Liver Cirrhosis/*complications; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis ; Bacterial Infections/diagnosis ; Bacterial Infections/immunology ; Bacterial Infections/mortality ; Bacterial Infections/physiopathology ; Bacterial Infections/prevention & control ; Disease Progression ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Inflammation Mediators/metabolism ; Liver Cirrhosis/diagnosis ; Liver Cirrhosis/drug therapy ; Liver Cirrhosis/immunology ; Liver Cirrhosis/mortality ; Liver Cirrhosis/physiopathology ; Risk Factors ; Treatment Outcome

Viable and non-viable pathological bacterial translocation promote a self-perpetuating circle of dysfunctional immune activation and systemic inflammation facilitating infections and organ failure in advanced cirrhosis. Bacterial infections and sepsis are now recognized as a distinct stage in the natural progression of chronic liver disease as they accelerate organ failure and contribute to the high mortality observed in decompensated cirrhosis. The increasing knowledge of structural, immunological and hemodynamic pathophysiology in advanced cirrhosis has not yet translated into significantly improved outcomes of bacterial infections over the last decades. Therefore, early identification of patients at the highest risk for developing infections and infection-related complications is required to tailor the currently available measures of surveillance, prophylaxis and therapy to the patients in need in order to improve the detrimental outcome of bacterial infections in cirrhosis.

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Keywords: Bacterial translocation; Chronic liver disease; Cirrhosis; Immunity; Infection; Mortality; Risk factors

0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
0 (Inflammation Mediators)

Date Created: 20140315 Date Completed: 20150406 Latest Revision: 20220311

20231215

PMC3949263

10.3748/wjg.v20.i10.2542

24627590