[Management of outbreaks of nosocomial pathogens in neonatal intensive care unit].

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  • Additional Information
    • Transliterated Title:
      Gestione degli eventi epidemici in Terapia Intensiva Neonatale.
    • Source:
      Publisher: Pediatria Medica E Chirurgica Country of Publication: Italy NLM ID: 8100625 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 0391-5387 (Print) Linking ISSN: 03915387 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Pediatr Med Chir Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: Vicenza : Pediatria Medica E Chirurgica
      Original Publication: Vicenza, Italia : [s.n.]
    • Subject Terms:
      Intensive Care Units, Neonatal* ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus* ; Vancomycin Resistance*; Cross Infection/*prevention & control ; Disease Outbreaks/*prevention & control ; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/*prevention & control; Cross Infection/epidemiology ; Cross Infection/microbiology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Humans ; Infection Control/methods ; Italy/epidemiology ; Population Surveillance/methods ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors
    • Abstract:
      Outbreaks of nosocomial pathogens are one of the most relevant problems in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Many factors contribute to the onset of an epidemic, including virulence of the pathogen and vulnerability of the infants hospitalized in NICU. Outbreaks are often caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). MDROs are defined as microorganisms, predominantly bacteria, that are resistant to one or more classes of antimicrobial agents. MDROs, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and certain gram-negative bacilli (GNB), have important infection control implications. Once MDROs are introduced into a healthcare setting, transmission and persistence of the resistant strain is determined by the availability of vulnerable patients, selective pressure exerted by antimicrobial use, increased potential for transmission from larger numbers of infected or colonized patients ("colonization pressure"), and the impact of adherence to prevention efforts. Often, routine infection control measures are not enough to contain outbreaks, and additional control measures are needed, including implementation of hand hygiene, cohorting of infected/colonized infants, neonatal surveillance cultures, screening of healthcare workers and decolonization of neonates and/or healthcare workers in selected cases. In this review, we report the practices we developed in our NICU to contain an epidemic. These recommendations reflect the experience of the group, as well as the findings of the current literature.
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20140314 Date Completed: 20140429 Latest Revision: 20140313
    • Publication Date:
      20231215
    • Accession Number:
      10.4081/pmc.2013.21
    • Accession Number:
      24620553