Antimalarial properties of Artemisia vulgaris L. ethanolic leaf extract in a Plasmodium berghei murine malaria model.

Publisher: National Institute of Malaria Research Country of Publication: India NLM ID: 101212761 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 0972-9062 (Print) Linking ISSN: 09729062 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Vector Borne Dis Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: <2022-> : [New Delhi] : [Mumbai] : National Institute of Malaria Research ; Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
Original Publication: Delhi : Malaria Research Centre (Indian Council of Medical Research), [2003]-

Antimalarials/*pharmacology ; Antiparasitic Agents/*pharmacology ; Artemisia/*chemistry ; Malaria/*drug therapy ; Plant Extracts/*pharmacology ; Plasmodium berghei/*drug effects; Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Antimalarials/chemistry ; Antimalarials/isolation & purification ; Antiparasitic Agents/chemistry ; Antiparasitic Agents/isolation & purification ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Malaria/parasitology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Parasitemia ; Pilot Projects ; Plant Extracts/chemistry ; Plant Extracts/isolation & purification ; Plant Leaves/chemistry ; Sri Lanka

Background & Objectives: Artemisinin isolated from Artemisia annua is the most potent antimalarial drug against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Artemisia vulgaris, an invasive weed, is the only Artemisia species available in Sri Lanka. A pilot study was undertaken to investigate the antiparasitic activity of an A. vulgaris ethanolic leaf extract (AVELE) in a P. berghei ANKA murine malaria model that elicits pathogenesis similar to falciparum malaria.
Methods: A 4-day suppressive and the curative assays determined the antiparasitic activity of AVELE using four doses (250, 500, 750 and 1000 mg/kg), Coartem® as the positive control and 5% ethanol as the negative control in male ICR mice infected with P. berghei.
Results: The 500, 750 and 1000 mg/kg doses of AVELE significantly (p ≤ 0.01) inhibited parasitaemia by 79.3, 79.6 and 87.3% respectively, in the 4-day suppressive assay, but not in the curative assay. Chronic administration of the high dose of AVELE ruled out overt signs of toxicity and stress as well as hepatotoxicity, renotoxicity and haematotoxicity.
Interpretation & Conclusion: The oral administration of a crude ethonolic leaf extract of A. vulgaris is non-toxic and possesses potent antimalarial properties in terms of antiparasitic activity.

0 (Antimalarials)
0 (Antiparasitic Agents)
0 (Plant Extracts)

Date Created: 20140207 Date Completed: 20150416 Latest Revision: 20140206

20240829

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