Helicobacter pylori infection affects immune responses following vaccination of typhoid-naive U.S. adults with attenuated Salmonella typhi oral vaccine CVD 908-htrA.

Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0413675 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1537-6613 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00221899 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Infect Dis Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: Jan. 2011- : Oxford : Oxford University Press
Original Publication: 1904-2010 : Chicago, IL : University of Chicago Press

Helicobacter Infections/*immunology ; Helicobacter pylori/*immunology ; Salmonella Vaccines/*administration & dosage ; Salmonella Vaccines/*immunology ; Salmonella typhi/*immunology; Adolescent ; Adult ; Cohort Studies ; Cross-Over Studies ; Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Helicobacter Infections/blood ; Humans ; Immunity, Humoral/immunology ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Male ; Multivariate Analysis ; Placebos ; Salmonella Vaccines/adverse effects ; United States ; Vaccines, Attenuated/administration & dosage ; Vaccines, Attenuated/adverse effects ; Vaccines, Attenuated/immunology ; Young Adult

Background:  We examined the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and the immune response following oral immunization of US adults with attenuated Salmonella Typhi vaccine CVD 908-htrA.
Methods:  Baseline sera from 74 volunteers without a history of typhoid fever who were immunized orally with CVD 908-htrA were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for immunoglobin G (IgG) antibodies to H. pylori, hepatitis A antibodies (a marker of low socioeconomic status and exposure to enteric infections), and pepsinogen (PG) I and II levels (measures of gastric inflammation). IgG against S. Typhi lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O and flagella was measured before and 28 days following immunization; a ≥4-fold increase in titer from baseline constituted seroconversion.
Results:  Seroconversion of S. Typhi IgG LPS antibodies was significantly higher among vaccinees infected with H. pylori versus uninfected subjects: adjusted odds ratio (OR) 3.8, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.1-12.6 (P = .03). A low PG I:PG II ratio (<5), indicating more advanced corpus gastritis, increased the odds of seroconversion of IgG S. Typhi flagella antibody (adjusted OR 6.4, 95% CI, 1.3-31.4; P = .02). Hepatitis A infection did not influence the immune response to CVD 908-htrA.
Conclusions:  H. pylori infection and gastric inflammation may enhance humoral immunity to oral attenuated S. Typhi vaccine.

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U54 AI057168 United States AI NIAID NIH HHS; 2 U54 AI057168 United States AI NIAID NIH HHS

Keywords: Helicobacter pylori; Salmonella Typhi; humoral immunity; immunogenicity; oral vaccines; serum pepsinogens

0 (Immunoglobulin G)
0 (Placebos)
0 (Salmonella Vaccines)
0 (Vaccines, Attenuated)

Date Created: 20131126 Date Completed: 20140529 Latest Revision: 20211021

20240829

PMC3982847

10.1093/infdis/jit625

24273182