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A new geological framework for the Middle Ordovician Carillon Formation (uppermost Beekmantown Group, Ottawa Embayment): onset of Taconic foreland deposition and tectonism within the Laurentian platform interior.
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- Author(s): Dix, George R.; Al Rodhan, Zuhor
- Source:
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences; Sep2006, Vol. 43 Issue 9, p1367-1387, 21p, 7 Black and White Photographs, 5 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 2 Maps- Subject Terms:
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- Subject Terms:
- Abstract: The Carillon Formation underlies the Ottawa Embayment, a craton-interior extension of the regional Laurentian paleoshelf, defined today by the Ottawa–Bonnechere Graben. Facies within the embayment during the Middle Ordovician identify a mixed-sediment (carbonate, siliciclastic), tide-influenced, peritidal and schizohaline basin, host to a mosaic of dolomitic tidal mudflats, shallow lagoons or ponds, and channels. Skeletal metazoans were rare, but bioturbation increased with episodic influx of less saline water carrying sand and mud, possibly in response to regional climate change. Stratigraphic analysis reveals that the formation coincides with a third-order eustatic sea level cycle, but higher order stratigraphic patterns show no obvious eustatic link. Instead, a stepwise onlap geometry coincided with local faulting that produced widespread syndepositional sediment deformation. In particular, stages of faulting and post-Carillon erosion are mapped along the present-day trace of a northwest–southeast-oriented lineament, the Gloucester Fault, within the present graben. Other present-day northwest–southeast-oriented faults of the graben may also possess Middle Ordovician histories. Platform-interior tectonism and development of the Carillon Formation coincided with the onset of Taconic deformation along the outer paleoshelf (western Newfoundland). The formation defines the initial stage of foreland basin sedimentation in the embayment. Platform-interior faulting identifies a predisposed structural weakness associated with underlying Neoproterozoic structure, possibly enhanced by a regional structural connection (an ocean-to-onland transform fault system) with the distal (~1200 km), convergent, plate boundary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract: Formation de Carillon se trouve sous la baie d'Ottawa, une extension à l'intérieur du craton de la paléoplate-forme laurentienne régionale, actuellement définie par le graben Ottawa–Bonnechère. À l'Ordovicien moyen, les faciès de la baie montraient un bassin pertidal et shizohalin de sédiments mixtes (roches carbonatées, silicoclastiques), influencé par la marée, et qui contenait toute une mosaïque de vasières tidales dolomitiques, de lagons ou d'étangs peu profonds et de chenaux. Les squelettes de métazoaires sont rares, mais la bioturbation augmente avec les influx épisodiques d'eau moins saline apportant du sable et des boues, possiblement en réaction à un changement de climat régional. Des analyses stratigraphiques montrent que la formation coïncide avec un cycle eustatique du niveau de la mer de 3e ordre, mais des patrons stratigraphiques d'ordres supérieurs ne montrent pas de lien eustatique évident. Au lieu, une géométrie de recouvrement par étapes coïncide avec la formation de failles locales, lesquelles ont produit une déformation synsédimentaire. Plus spécifiquement, les étages de formation de failles et d'érosion post-Carillon sont cartographiés le long de la trace actuelle d'un linéament orienté nord-ouest–sud-est, la faille de Gloucester, à l'intérieur du présent graben. D'autres failles modernes du graben, aussi orientées nord-ouest–sud-est, pourraient aussi avoir des historiques datant de l'Ordovicien moyen. Un tectonisme à l'intérieur de la plate-forme et le développement de la formation de Carillon ont coïncidé avec le début de la déformation taconique le long de la paléoplate-forme externe (partie Ouest de Terre-Neuve). La formation définit l'étage initial de sédimentation de bassin d'avant-pays dans la baie. La formation de failles à l'intérieur de la plate-forme identifie une faiblesse structurale prédisposée associée à la structure néoprotérozoïque sous-jacente, possiblement soulignée par une connexion structurale régionale (un système de failles transformantes allant de l'océan au milieu terrestre) avec la bordure de la plaque convergente et distale (~1200 km). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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