Mechanisms linking apolipoprotein E isoforms with cardiovascular and neurological diseases.

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  • Author(s): Huang Y;Huang Y
  • Source:
    Current opinion in lipidology [Curr Opin Lipidol] 2010 Aug; Vol. 21 (4), pp. 337-45.
  • Publication Type:
    Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Review
  • Language:
    English
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9010000 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1473-6535 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09579672 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Curr Opin Lipidol Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: London : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
      Original Publication: London, UK : Current Science, c1990-
    • Subject Terms:
      Apolipoproteins E*/chemistry ; Apolipoproteins E*/genetics ; Apolipoproteins E*/metabolism ; Cardiovascular Diseases*/genetics ; Cardiovascular Diseases*/metabolism ; Nervous System Diseases*/genetics ; Nervous System Diseases*/metabolism; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism ; Animals ; Humans ; Lipid Metabolism ; Protein Isoforms/chemistry ; Protein Isoforms/genetics ; Protein Isoforms/metabolism
    • Abstract:
      Purpose of Review: The purpose of this review is to provide insights into recent advances in mechanisms linking apolipoprotein (apo) E isoforms to cardiovascular and neurological diseases.
      Recent Findings: Human apoE has three common isoforms (apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4) with different structural and biophysical properties and different effects on lipid and neuronal homeostasis. ApoE is a protein constituent of different plasma lipoproteins and serves as a high-affinity ligand for several receptors. By interacting with its receptors, apoE mediates the clearance of different lipoproteins from the circulation. Absence or structural mutations of apoE cause significant disorders in lipid metabolism and cardiovascular disease. ApoE also has significant roles in neurobiology. ApoE4 is the major known genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. It increases the occurrence and lowers the age of onset of Alzheimer's disease. ApoE4 carriers account for 65-80% of all Alzheimer's disease cases, highlighting the importance of apoE4 in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. ApoE4 has both amyloid beta-dependent and amyloid beta-independent roles in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis.
      Summary: Emerging data suggest that apoE isoforms, with their multiple cellular origins and multiple structural and biophysical properties, contribute to cardiovascular and neurological diseases by interacting with different factors through various pathways.
    • Grant Information:
      P01 AG022074 United States AG NIA NIH HHS
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Amyloid beta-Peptides)
      0 (Apolipoproteins E)
      0 (Protein Isoforms)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20100610 Date Completed: 20101008 Latest Revision: 20101118
    • Publication Date:
      20240829
    • Accession Number:
      10.1097/MOL.0b013e32833af368
    • Accession Number:
      20531185