The paradox of cognitive change.

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  • Author(s): Salthouse TA;Salthouse TA
  • Source:
    Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology [J Clin Exp Neuropsychol] 2010 Jul; Vol. 32 (6), pp. 622-9. Date of Electronic Publication: 2010 Jan 08.
  • Publication Type:
    Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Language:
    English
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Routledge Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8502170 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1744-411X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13803395 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Clin Exp Neuropsychol Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: 2013- : London : Routledge
      Original Publication: Lisse : Swets & Zeitlinger, c1985-
    • Subject Terms:
      Aging/*physiology ; Cognition/*physiology ; Cognition Disorders/*diagnosis ; Cognition Disorders/*physiopathology; Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Association Learning ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Mental Recall/physiology ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Reproducibility of Results ; Young Adult
    • Abstract:
      Properties of cognitive change scores were compared in adults over age 70, for whom longitudinal changes are often negative, and in adults in two age groups under age 70, for whom the changes are often close to zero. Longitudinal assessments of three measures of memory and three measures of speed across an average interval of 2.4 years were obtained from a sample of 1,282 healthy adults between 18 and 92 years of age. Although substantial longitudinal declines were primarily apparent in adults 70 years of age and older, adults under and over age 70 were similar with respect to the variability and reliability of the cognitive changes, and in the magnitude of the correlations of the changes with each other and with variables that have been identified as risk factors for late-life cognitive decline and dementia. It is suggested that longitudinal changes in cognition can be considered to represent a paradox in that the mean values of the changes are more negative at older ages, but the change scores have similar measurement properties, and appear to be just as systematic, among adults under and over 70 years of age.
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    • Grant Information:
      R37 AG024270 United States AG NIA NIH HHS; R37 AG024270-05 United States AG NIA NIH HHS; R37 024270 United States PHS HHS
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20100112 Date Completed: 20100929 Latest Revision: 20211020
    • Publication Date:
      20221213
    • Accession Number:
      PMC2891161
    • Accession Number:
      10.1080/13803390903401310
    • Accession Number:
      20063256