Multifaceted determinants for achieving glycemic control: the International Diabetes Management Practice Study (IDMPS).

Publisher: American Diabetes Association Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7805975 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1935-5548 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01495992 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Diabetes Care Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: Alexandria Va : American Diabetes Association
Original Publication: New York, American Diabetes Assn.

Blood Glucose/*metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/*blood ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*blood; Blood Pressure ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Delivery of Health Care/standards ; Developing Countries ; Employment/statistics & numerical data ; Glycated Hemoglobin/metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Regression Analysis ; Self Care

Objective: The International Diabetes Mellitus Practice Study is a 5-year survey documenting changes in diabetes treatment practice in developing regions.
Research Design and Methods: Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors for achieving A1C <7% in 11,799 patients (1,898 type 1 diabetic and 9,901 type 2 diabetic) recruited by 937 physicians from 17 countries in Eastern Europe (n = 3,519), Asia (n = 5,888), Latin America (n = 2,116), and Africa (n = 276).
Results: Twenty-two percent of type 1 diabetic and 36% of type 2 diabetic patients never had A1C measurements. In those with values for A1C, blood pressure, and LDL cholesterol, 7.5% of type 1 diabetic (n = 696) and 3.6% of type 2 diabetic (n = 3,896) patients attained all three recommended targets (blood pressure <130/80 mmHg, LDL cholesterol <100 mg/dl, and A1C <7%). Self-monitoring of blood glucose was the only predictor for achieving the A1C goal in type 1 diabetes (odds ratios: Asia 2.24, Latin America 3.55, and Eastern Europe 2.42). In type 2 diabetes, short disease duration (Asia 0.97, Latin America 0.97, and Eastern Europe 0.82) and treatment with few oral glucose-lowering drugs (Asia 0.64, Latin America 0.76, and Eastern Europe 0.62) were predictors. Other region-specific factors included lack of microvascular complications and old age in Latin America and Asia; health insurance coverage and specialist care in Latin America; lack of obesity and self-adjustment of insulin dosages in Asia; and training by a diabetes educator, self-monitoring of blood glucose in patients who self-adjusted insulin, and lack of macrovascular complications in Eastern Europe.
Conclusions: In developing countries, factors pertinent to patients, doctors, and health care systems all impact on glycemic control.

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0 (Blood Glucose)
0 (Glycated Hemoglobin A)

Date Created: 20081127 Date Completed: 20090311 Latest Revision: 20221207

20240628

PMC2628684

10.2337/dc08-0435

19033410