Alcohol outlets, youth drinking, and self-reported ease of access to alcohol: a constraints and opportunities approach.

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  • Author(s): Treno AJ;Treno AJ; Ponicki WR; Remer LG; Gruenewald PJ
  • Source:
    Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research [Alcohol Clin Exp Res] 2008 Aug; Vol. 32 (8), pp. 1372-9. Date of Electronic Publication: 2008 Jun 06.
  • Publication Type:
    Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Language:
    English
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 7707242 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1530-0277 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01456008 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: Oxford, UK : Wiley-Blackwell
      Original Publication: New York, N.Y. : Grune & Stratton, c1977-
    • Subject Terms:
      Alcohol Drinking* ; Commerce* ; Data Collection* ; Family Characteristics*; Adolescent Behavior/*psychology; Adolescent ; Age Factors ; California ; Family Relations ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Social Environment
    • Abstract:
      Background: Despite recent research examining youth access to alcohol, the extent to which relative ease of access to alcohol from various sources translates into the use of these sources is not known.
      Methods: Patterns of adolescent alcohol access in California were studied using a hierarchical analysis of self-reported and archival measures. A survey of 30 youths age 14 to 16 in each of 50 zip codes selected to maximize variability in median household income and off-premise outlet densities was conducted.
      Results: (1) Both actual use of and perceived ease of access to formal sources were positively associated with off-premise outlet density (a measure of formal access). (2) Actual use of informal sources was negatively associated with outlet densities. (3) Perceived and realized informal access were associated positively with deviance and negatively with conventionality. (4) Deviance was associated with increased perceived and realized access from both formal and social sources, whereas conventionality was only associated with realized and perceived informal access.
      Conclusions: Correlates of perceived and actual alcohol access differ somewhat, and the differences between informal and formal access (both perceived and actual) are many, creating a complex picture of the patterns of underage access to alcohol. Youth drinking is affected by opportunities and constraints. Specifically, as one form of access becomes constrained, youth appear to circumvent restrictions by relying on other modes of access. Thus interventions targeting formal alcohol access by youth may result in a shift to reliance on social sources. This complex problem requires a multi-faceted intervention approach.
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    • Grant Information:
      P60 AA006282 United States AA NIAAA NIH HHS; P60 AA006282-24 United States AA NIAAA NIH HHS; P60-AA06282 United States AA NIAAA NIH HHS
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20080611 Date Completed: 20090122 Latest Revision: 20230919
    • Publication Date:
      20240829
    • Accession Number:
      PMC3410730
    • Accession Number:
      10.1111/j.1530-0277.2008.00708.x
    • Accession Number:
      18540922