"双碳"背景下镍资源产业链发展趋势研究. (Chinese)

Research on the development trend of nickel resource industry chain under the background of "dual carbon". (English)

Under the background of "dual carbon", the global energy green and low-carbon transformation has led to the explosive growth of mineral resources required by the new energy industry. Nickel, as one of the critical minerals for low-carbon and clean energy, has become the focus of contention in the world. Understanding the development status and trend of global nickel resource industry chain under the background of "dual carbon" would help provide basic insights for the sustainable development of nickel resource exploitation and relevant references for the government and enterprises to improve the competitiveness of the nickel resource industry chain. Starting from the industrial chain of nickel resources, this paper systematically reviews the specific impact of the "dual carbon" target on global nickel resource industry chain in terms of resource supply and demand, smelting and processing, end consumption, recycling. Through analysis, the increase of demand and high nickelization in power battery under the background of "dual carbon" promote the rapid growth of global nickel resource demand, the global nickel resource supply and demand show a "dual supply-dual demand" industrial pattern. In terms of smelting production mode, the "nickel-iron-high-ice nickel" process opens up the barrier between sulfide nickel ore and laterite nickel ore by fire smelting, making nickel iron can be converted into high-ice nickel, and accelerating the development and utilization of laterite nickel ore. HPAL wet smelting process will become the main smelting process of laterite nickel ore in the future because of its advantages in recovery rate and cost. In terms of recycling, countries around the world have introduced a series of policies to strengthen the recycling and utilization of nickel resources, and China, as the first consumer of nickel resources in the world, has broad prospects for the recycling of nickel resources for waste power batteries. With the promotion of the global "dual carbon" goal in the future, the rapid development of new materials, new energy and other emerging industries has promoted the continuous expansion of nickel demand, which has a great impact on the supply pattern of upstream mineral raw materials of the nickel industry chain, the selection of smelting technology in the middle stream and the structure of intermediate products, and the supply side has turned to the mineral raw materials with rich reserves, easy mining and easy smelting. Smelting technology is developing in the direction of high recovery rate, low raw material cost and low energy consumption cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"双碳"背景下, 全球能源绿色低碳转型导致新能源产业所需的矿产资源呈爆发式 增长。镍作为低碳清洁能源关键矿产之一, 已经成为世界各国争夺的焦点。了解"双碳"背 景下全球镍资源产业链现状和趋势, 有助于为镍资源开发可持续发展提供基础性认识, 为政 府和企业提升镍资源产业链竞争力提供相关参考。本文从镍资源产业链出发, 系统梳理了 "双碳"目标对全球镍资源在资源供需形势、冶炼加工、终端消费、回收利用等各环节的具体 影响。通过分析, "双碳"背景下动力电池需求增加叠加高镍化推动全球镍资源需求快速增 长, 全球镍资源供需呈现"二元供应-二元需求"产业格局;冶炼生产方式方面, "镍铁-高冰镍" 工艺打通了硫化物型镍矿和红土型镍矿火法冶炼之间的壁垒, 使得镍铁可转产高冰镍, 加速 红土型镍矿的开发利用。HPAL 湿法冶炼因其回收率和成本优势, 将成为未来红土型镍矿主 流冶炼工艺;回收利用方面, 世界各国出台系列政策加强镍资源回收利用, 我国作为全球镍 资源第一消费大国, 废旧动力电池镍资源回收前景广阔。随着未来全球"双碳"目标的推进, 新材料、新能源等新兴产业快速发展推动镍需求不断扩大, 这对镍产业链上游矿原料供应格 局、中游冶炼技术选择, 以及中间品结构产生极大的影响, 供应端转向储量丰富、易开采、易 选冶的矿原料, 冶炼技术朝着回收率高、低原料成本和低能耗成本方向发展。. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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