Metrika starosti informacije in njena vloga v vzdržnih omrežjih prihodnosti. (Slovenian)

Age of Information and its Role in Building Sustainable Future Networks. (English)

In recent years, the number of applications requiring a response within a few milliseconds has significantly increased. These applications, such as industrial automation, smart grids, and traffic control in smart cities, etc., rely on a constant flow of new information recorded by sensors to support decisionmaking. The timeliness of this information is measured by the Age of Information (AoI) metric which measures the time from when the information is created to when it is used. It was first defined only a decade ago. The paper presents the AoI metric and describes its basic properties by analyzing a system model consisting of a single source and a single sink of information. Using the queueing theory, focusing on types M/M/1, M/D/1, and D/M/1, we show how the arrival rate affects AoI in the system, as well as the difference between the timeliness of information and latency. In the final part, the paper analyzes a system that uses LoRaWAN wireless technology for the information transmission. It is demonstrated that the system can achieve the same timeliness of information while resulting in a threefold difference in the carbon footprint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Različne aplikacije, namenjene avtomatizaciji v industriji, ter spremljanju in upravljanju pametnih omrežij, pametnih mest in drugih pametnih infrastruktur zahtevajo stalen pritok svežih informacij. Te informacije zajemajo različni senzorji in jih v realnem času pošiljajo prek omrežja do strežnikov, kjer so dostopne aplikacijam za prikaz in odločitve. V realnih okoljih so te informacije lahko pogosto zastarele, saj najnovejši podatki niso na voljo ali pa še niso prispeli. Ta zastarelost informacij se lahko meri z nedavno definirano metriko starosti informacij, ki meri čas od nastanka informacije do njene uporabe. V tem prispevku predstavimo metriko starosti informacij in opišemo njene osnovne lastnosti. Analiziramo poenostavljen matematični model, sestavljen iz enega izvora informacij in enega ponora, ter s pomočjo teorije čakalnih vrst, pri čemer se osredotočamo na tipe M/M/1, M/D/1 in D/M/1, prikažemo, kako intenzivnost prihodov vpliva na starost informacij v sistemu. Prikažemo tudi razliko med zastarelostjo informacij in zakasnitvijo. V zadnjem delu prispevka analiziramo sistem, ki uporablja brezžično tehnologijo LoRaWAN za prenos informacij, in pokažemo, da lahko ta sistem z upoštevanjem nove metrike ob trikrat manjšem ogljičnem odtisu doseže enako starost informacij. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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