A critical review on black phosphorus and its utilization in the diverse range of sensors.

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    • Abstract:
      This review offers a thorough exploration of black phosphorus (BP) and its application in sensor technologies. As an emerging two-dimensional material, BP displays distinctive electronic, optical, and surface properties, rendering it a compelling option for a variety of sensing applications. The review systematically delves into the multifaceted roles of BP in sensor development, spanning gas sensors, biosensors, chemical sensors, and optical sensors. Emphasizing BP's intrinsic sensitivity to environmental changes and the potential for enhanced selectivity through surface functionalization, the review also underscores its applications in flexible and wearable sensors, showcasing adaptability to modern sensing technologies. The review addresses challenges related to environmental stability and outlines ongoing research efforts and future directions aimed at maximizing the potential of black phosphorus in advancing sensing capabilities. This review seeks to orient researchers, engineers, and practitioners to the cutting-edge applications of BP in sensor technologies, fostering inspiration for further innovation in this dynamic field. [Display omitted] • Black phosphorus demonstrates multifaceted roles in sensor development. • Applications span gas, biosensors, chemical, and optical sensors. • Notable adaptability to flexible and wearable sensor technologies. • Ongoing research addresses challenges in environmental stability. • Future directions focus on maximizing black phosphorus's potential in sensor advancements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
    • Abstract:
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