Land-population-industry based village evolution and its influencing factors in the upper Tuojiang River.

With economic development and urbanization in China, the rural settlements have experienced great change. To explore the evolution process of rural settlements in terms of land, population and industry can reveal the development law of rural spatial distribution, population structure and industrial economy in different stages and regions. Studying the development status and evolution characteristics of villages in the upper Tuojiang River basin in Southwest China in the past 20 years are of significant value. The upper Tuojiang River basin includes the main types of terrain found in the Southwest region: mountainous, plains, and hills, exhibiting a certain typicality of geographical characteristics. This study took towns and townships at the town-level scale as the basic unit of research, and constructed an evaluation system for village evolution based on' land, population, and industry'. It employed Criteria Importance Through Inter-Criteria Correlation (CRITIC) analysis to examine the characteristics of village evolution in the area from 2000 to 2020, and used geographic detector analysis to identify the leading factors affecting village evolution. The results show that: (1) From 2000 to 2010, villages in the upper Tuojiang River basin experienced significant changes, and the pace of these transformations slowed from 2010 to 2020. (2) From a comprehensive perspective, from 2000 to 2020, villages in hilly areas show a decline, while villages in plain areas near the city center show a positive urbanization development. (3) Road accessibility and distance from the city center are the main factors that explain the spatial differentiation of village evolution degree in the study area. This study elucidates the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of villages in the upper Tuojiang River basin and identifies the primary factors contributing to their changes, which will provide a reference for investigating the development of rural areas in different terrains of Southwest China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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