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Immune Response Dynamics and Biomarkers in COVID-19 Patients.
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- Author(s): Ranjbar, Maral; Cusack, Ruth P.; Whetstone, Christiane E.; Brister, Danica L.; Wattie, Jennifer; Wiltshire, Lesley; Alsaji, Nadia; Le Roux, Jennifer; Cheng, Eric; Srinathan, Thivya; Ho, Terence; Sehmi, Roma; O'Byrne, Paul M.; Snow-Smith, Maryonne; Makiya, Michelle; Klion, Amy D.; Duong, MyLinh; Gauvreau, Gail M.
- Source:
International Journal of Molecular Sciences; Jun2024, Vol. 25 Issue 12, p6427, 14p- Subject Terms:
- Source:
- Additional Information
- Abstract: Background: The immune response dynamics in COVID-19 patients remain a subject of intense investigation due to their implications for disease severity and treatment outcomes. We examined changes in leukocyte levels, eosinophil activity, and cytokine profiles in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Methods: Serum samples were collected within the first 10 days of hospitalization/confirmed infection and analyzed for eosinophil granule proteins (EGP) and cytokines. Information from medical records including comorbidities, clinical symptoms, medications, and complete blood counts were collected at the time of admission, during hospitalization and at follow up approximately 3 months later. Results: Serum levels of eotaxin, type 1 and type 2 cytokines, and alarmin cytokines were elevated in COVID-19 patients, highlighting the heightened immune response (p < 0.05). However, COVID-19 patients exhibited lower levels of eosinophils and eosinophil degranulation products compared to hospitalized controls (p < 0.05). Leukocyte counts increased consistently from admission to follow-up, indicative of recovery. Conclusion: Attenuated eosinophil activity alongside elevated chemokine and cytokine levels during active infection, highlights the complex interplay of immune mediators in the pathogenesis COVID-19 and underscores the need for further investigation into immune biomarkers and treatment strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract: Copyright of International Journal of Molecular Sciences is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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