Awareness of U = U among Sexual and Gender Minorities in Brazil, Mexico, and Peru: Differences According to Self-reported HIV Status.

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    • Abstract:
      The slogan Undetectable equals Untransmittable (U = U) communicates that people living with HIV (PLHIV) who are on antiretroviral therapy (ART) will not transmit HIV to their sexual partners. We describe awareness of U = U among sexual and gender minorities (SGM) living in Brazil, Mexico, and Peru by self-reported HIV status (PLHIV, negative, unknown) during 2021 using an online survey. We estimated two models using Poisson regression for each population group: Model A including socio-demographic factors (country, gender, age, race, education, and income), and then Model B including taking ART (for PLHIV) or risk behavior, ever-taking PrEP, and HIV risk perception (for HIV-negative or of unknown HIV status). A total of 21,590 respondents were included (Brazil: 61%, Mexico: 30%, Peru: 9%). Among HIV-negative (74%) and unknown status (12%), 13% ever used PrEP. Among PLHIV (13%), 93% reported current use of ART. Awareness of U = U was 89% in both Brazil and Mexico, which was higher than in Peru 64%. Awareness of U = U was higher among PLHIV (96%) than HIV-negative (88%) and HIV-unknown (70%). In multivariate models, PLHIV with lower education were less aware of U = U, while those taking ART were more aware. Among HIV-negative, non-cisgender, lower income, and those with lower education had lower awareness of U = U, while individuals ever using PrEP had higher awareness. In conclusion, awareness of U = U varied by HIV status, socio-demographic characteristics, and HIV risk behavior. The concept of U = U should be disseminated through educational strategies and include a focus on SGM to combat HIV stigma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
    • Abstract:
      Resumen: Indetectable = Intransmisible (I = I) comunica que las personas que viven con VIH (PVVIH) y reciben tratamiento antirretroviral (TAR) no transmitirán el VIH a sus parejas sexuales. En este estudio, describimos la concienciación sobre I = I entre las minorías sexuales y de género (MSG) de Brasil, México y Perú según el estado de VIH autoreportado (PVVIH, negativo, desconocido) durante 2021 utilizando una encuesta en línea. Se estimaron dos modelos mediante regresión de Poisson para cada grupo: Modelo A, que incluyó factores sociodemográficos (país, sexo, edad, raza, educación e ingresos) y Modelo B, que incluyó recibir TAR (para PVVIH) o comportamiento de riesgo, uso de PrEP y percepción de riesgo (para VIH negativo o desconocido). Se incluyó 21,590 encuestados (Brasil: 61%, México: 30%, Perú: 9%). Entre aquellos negativos para VIH (74%) y con estado desconocido (12%), el 13% utilizó alguna vez PrEP. Entre las PVVIH (13%), el 93% reportó recibir actualmente TAR. La concienciación de I = I fue del 89% tanto en Brasil como en México, superior al 64% de Perú. La concienciación de I = I fue mayor entre PVVIH (96%) que entre los VIH-negativos (88%) y los VIH-desconocidos (70%). En los modelos multivariados, las PVVIH con menor educación eran menos conscientes de I = I, mientras que los que tomaban TAR eran más conscientes. Entre los VIH-negativos, las personas no cisgéneros, con menores ingresos y con menor educación eran menos consciente de I = I, mientras que los que tenían experiencia usando PrEP eran más conscientes. En conclusión, la concienciación sobre I = I varió según el estado serológico de VIH, las características sociodemográficas y el comportamiento de riesgo. El concepto de I = I debe difundirse a través de estrategias educativas, incluyendo un enfoque en MSG para combatir el estigma del VIH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
    • Abstract:
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