Rasch analysis to detect bias on gender and domicile in ethno-physics test and students' answer.

21st-century learning in Indonesia emphasizes 4C skills for students. The Merdeka curriculum integrates Pancasila characters with local culture, while ethnoscience and ethno-physics learning combine community beliefs with scientific knowledge. This research examines the validity, reliability, and DIF of ethno-physics test instruments using Rasch analysis to identify gender bias and student domicile. The research examines the impact of gender and domicile bias on students' responses to an ethnophysics test at a public senior high school in Madura, Indonesia. The research involved 36 native Madurese students familiar with Kerapan Sapi culture. Results showed that 95% of items did not contain bias, with five biases in indicators at item number 3 and 4. The research found no bias from village, city, or male and female student groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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