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Causes and effects of sampling bias on marine Western Atlantic biodiversity knowledge.
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- Author(s): Cardoso, Micaele Niobe Martins1 (AUTHOR) ; Azevedo, Fernanda2 (AUTHOR); Dias, Alan3 (AUTHOR); de Almeida, Ana Carolina Sousa4 (AUTHOR); Senna, André R.5 (AUTHOR); Marques, Antonio C.6 (AUTHOR); Rezende, Dafinny7 (AUTHOR); Hajdu, Eduardo7 (AUTHOR); Lopes‐Filho, Erick Alves Pereira7,8 (AUTHOR); Pitombo, Fábio Bettini9 (AUTHOR); de Oliveira, Gabriela Moura3 (AUTHOR); Doria, João Gabriel10 (AUTHOR); Carraro, João Luís8 (AUTHOR); De‐Paula, Joel Campos8 (AUTHOR); Bahia, Juliana11 (AUTHOR); de Araujo, Juliana Magalhães12 (AUTHOR); Paresque, Karla13 (AUTHOR); Vieira, Leandro Manzoni3 (AUTHOR); Fernandes, Luanny Martins8 (AUTHOR); Santos, Luciano N.8 (AUTHOR)
- Source:
Diversity & Distributions. Jun2024, Vol. 30 Issue 6, p1-10. 10p.- Subject Terms:
- Source:
- Additional Information
- Abstract: Aim: Knowledge gaps and sampling bias can lead to underestimations of species richness and distortions in the known distribution of species. The goal of this study is to identify potential gaps and biases in marine organisms sampling at the Western Atlantic Ocean, determine their causes and assess its effect on biodiversity metrics. We tested the potential interference of this bias with the representation of environmental conditions, potentially affecting biodiversity model predictions. Location: Western Atlantic Ocean. Methods: This study compiled data of marine species in online and institutional databases. The analysis of sampling effort and bias was conducted by mapping the density of records. A spatial autoregressive model (SAR) was employed to investigate the influence of accessibility as a determinant factor of the sampling bias. We tested whether the effect of the sampling bias could result from environmental bias in the samples, contrasting the environmental variables of the study area with those present in the biodiversity records. We examined the correlation between sampling effort in species richness and endemism. Results: The USA has the highest number of records and density of records. There was a low correlation between the vertebrates, invertebrates and algae sample density patterns. Accessibility was identified as one of the main causes of sampling bias. The analysis of environmental bias indicated that the records do not represent all conditions present in the environment. Sampling density showed a strong relationship with endemism and a weaker relationship with species richness. Main Conclusions: We have identified a strong sampling bias related to ease of access that equally affects vertebrates, invertebrates and algae, resulting in a skewed sampling of the environmental conditions where species occur. Sampling patterns differ among the groups. The intensity of sampling effort significantly impacts measures of richness and endemism, potentially undermining the accurate recognition of real biological diversity patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract: Copyright of Diversity & Distributions is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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