Abstract: Using precipitation method, low-density (LDL) and high-density (HDL2 and HDL3) lipoproteins were isolated from blood serum of human (donors, patients with ischemic heart) diseases--IHD, with bronchial asthma--BA, with chronic obstructive bronchitis--COB), of mammals predisposed (pig, rabbit) and resistant (rat, mink, Arctic fox) to atherosclerosis, of birds (hen, pigeon), of bony fish (trout, white-fish, pike-perch, pike, bream, burbot), and of cartilaginous fish (sturgeon, white sturgeon). From each lipoprotein group, lipids were extracted, separated by thin-layer chromatography, and analyzed quantitatively by the spectrophotometric method. In phosphatidylcholine and HDL2 cholesterol esters, bound fatty acids (FA) were determined by the method of gas-liquid chromatography. The main amount of total cholesterol has been established to be concentrated in human LDL, especially in the cases of IHD, and in LDL in mammals predisposed to atherosclerosis. In mammals resistant to atherosclerosis and in fish the almost entire cholesterol was revealed in HDL. The phospholipid content in HDL was lower in patients with pathologies and in mammals predisposed to atherosclerosis, while the highest content--in fish and mammals resistant to atherosclerosis. In homoiothermal animals and in human the main FA amount in HDL was represented by the omega6-series. Acids of the omega3-series amounted to a negligible percentage, especially in IHD. On the contrary, the HDL FA composition of poikilothermal animals (fish) had a very high content of polyunsaturated FA of the omega3-series. A conclusion is made that composition of lipid components in animal lipoproteins by the example of several studied species and of human has a non-stable character and is submitted to changes. Their most pronounced modifications with a negative trend took place in human LDL and HDL in IHD.
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