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The iBelong Scale: Construction and Validation of a Measure of Racial–Ethnic–Cultural Belonging.
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- Author(s): Lee, B. Andi1 ; Neville, Helen A.2,3
- Source:
Journal of Counseling Psychology. Apr2024, Vol. 71 Issue 3, p139-154. 16p.- Subject Terms:
*MULTITRAIT multimethod techniques; *GROUP identity; *RESEARCH funding; *PEOPLE of color; *RESEARCH methodology evaluation; *QUESTIONNAIRES; *DESCRIPTIVE statistics; *LONELINESS; *ATTITUDE (Psychology); *RACISM; *EXPERIMENTAL design; *RESEARCH methodology; *CONCEPTUAL structures; *STATISTICAL reliability; *QUALITY of life; *GROUNDED theory; *FACTOR analysis; *COMPARATIVE studies; *INTERPERSONAL relations; *CULTURAL pluralism; *WELL-being; *SELF-perception; *EVALUATION - Source:
- Additional Information
- Abstract: The purpose of this study was to develop a measure of racial–ethnic–cultural (REC) belonging for Black, Indigenous, and other people of color (BIPOC). The iBelong Scale was designed to assess the multidimensional components of REC belonging across diverse BIPOC groups. The scale was constructed based on a grounded conceptual framework of REC belonging, and the initial pool of items received feedback from community members and content experts. Validation of the iBelong Scale comprised data from 808 BIPOC participants collected across three interrelated studies for the purposes of initial validation, construct validity, and test–retest reliability. In Study 1, an exploratory factor analysis yielded a 25-item scale with five factors: (a) Home, (b) Connection, (c) Authenticity, (d) REC Thriving, and (e) Self-Definition. Results from Study 2's confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the five-factor model was an acceptable fit of the data and the best fit among competing models. Measurement invariance was assessed, and results indicated that the iBelong Scale measures REC belonging similarly across differing BIPOC groups. The iBelong Scale was related to a range of measures in theoretically expected ways, including positive associations with general belonging, racial/ethnic identity, and general well-being, and negative associations with loneliness and REC nonbelonging. Findings from Study 3 indicated the test–retest reliability of the iBelong Scale over a 2-week period. Limitations of the studies and implications for research and practice are discussed. Public Significance Statement: This article discusses the construction and validation of the iBelong Scale, a measure of belonging for Black, Indigenous, and other people of color (BIPOC) in relation to their racial–ethnic–cultural identities. The iBelong Scale can be useful for researchers studying BIPOC identity, belonging, and wellness, and counselors working with BIPOC in assessment and therapeutic avenues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract: Copyright of Journal of Counseling Psychology is the property of American Psychological Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Abstract:
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