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Reliability and validity of the revised Rushton Moral Resilience Scale for healthcare workers.
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- Author(s): Rushton, Cynda H.; Hanson, Ginger C.; Boyce, Danielle; Holtz, Heidi; Nelson, Katie E.; Spilg, Edward G.; Robillard, Rébecca
- Source:
Journal of Advanced Nursing (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.). Mar2024, Vol. 80 Issue 3, p1177-1187. 11p. - Source:
- Additional Information
- Subject Terms: PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience; STATISTICAL correlation; CROSS-sectional method; CRONBACH'S alpha; RESEARCH evaluation; RESEARCH methodology evaluation; SAMPLE size (Statistics); ANXIETY; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; EXPERIMENTAL design; ETHICS; LONGITUDINAL method; RESEARCH methodology; RESEARCH; FACTOR analysis; MENTAL depression; COVID-19; EVALUATION
- Abstract: Aim: To refine the Rushton Moral Resilience Scale (RMRS) by creating a more concise scale, improving the reliability, particularly of the personal integrity subscale and providing further evidence of validity. Background: Healthcare workers are exposed to moral adversity in practice. When unable to preserve/restore their integrity, moral suffering ensues. Moral resilience is a resource that may mitigate negative consequences. To better understand mechanisms for doing so, a valid and reliable measurement tool is necessary. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Methods: Participants (N = 1297) had completed ≥1 items on the RMRS as part of the baseline survey of a larger longitudinal study. Item analysis, confirmatory factor analyses, reliability analyses (Cronbach's alpha), and correlations were used to establish reliability and validity of the revised RMRS. Results: Item and confirmatory factor analysis were used to refine the RMRS from 21 to 16 items. The four-factor structure (responses to moral adversity, personal integrity, relational integrity and moral efficacy) demonstrated adequate fit in follow-up confirmatory analyses in the initial and hold-out sub-samples. All subscales and the total scale had adequate reliabilities (α ≥ 0.70). A higher-order factor analysis supports the computation of either subscale scores or a total scale score. Correlations of scores with stress, anxiety, depression and moral distress provide evidence of the scale's validity. Reliability of the personal integrity subscale improved. Conclusion and Implications: The RMRS-16 demonstrates adequate reliability and validity, particularly the personal integrity subscale. Moral resilience is an important lever for reducing consequences when confronted with ethical challenges in practice. Improved reliability of the four subscales and having a shorter overall scale allow for targeted application and will facilitate further research and intervention development. Patient/Public Contribution: Data came from a larger study of Canadian healthcare workers from multiple healthcare organizations who completed a survey about their experiences during COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract: Copyright of Journal of Advanced Nursing (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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