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Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles in cerebral ventricles activate microglia in mice.
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- Author(s): Yoshida, Kayo; Yoshida, Kaya; Seyama, Mariko; Hiroshima, Yuka; Mekata, Mana; Fujiwara, Natsumi; Kudo, Yasusei; Ozaki, Kazumi
- Source:
Oral Diseases; Nov2023, Vol. 29 Issue 8, p3688-3697, 10p- Subject Terms:
BRAIN; DISEASE progression; BIOLOGICAL models; CYTOKINES; ALZHEIMER'S disease; NEURONS; CEREBRAL ventricles; CELL membranes; ANIMAL experimentation; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; TAU proteins; WESTERN immunoblotting; INFLAMMATION; GRAM-negative anaerobic bacteria; GENE expression; NEUROINFLAMMATION; CELLS; RESEARCH funding; ABDOMEN; ENDOPEPTIDASES; POLYMERASE chain reaction; MICE; PHOSPHORYLATION - Source:
- Additional Information
- Abstract: Objective: Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) is thought to be involved in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Whether Pg or its contents can reach the brain and directly affect neuropathology is, however, unknown. Here, we investigated whether outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of Pg translocate to the brain and induce the pathogenic features of AD. Material and Methods: Pg OMVs were injected into the abdominal cavity of mice for 12 weeks. Pg OMV translocation to the brain was detected by immunohistochemistry using an anti‐gingipain antibody. Tau protein and microglial activation in the mouse brain were examined by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The effect of gingipains on inflammation was assessed by real‐time polymerase chain reaction using human microglial HMC3 cells. Results: Gingipains were detected in the region around cerebral ventricles, choroid plexus, and ventricular ependymal cells in Pg OMV‐administered mice. Tau and phosphorylated Tau protein increased and microglia were activated. Pg OMVs also increased the gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines in HMC3 cells in a gingipain‐dependent manner. Conclusion: Pg OMVs, including gingipains, can reach the cerebral ventricle and induce neuroinflammation by activating microglia. Pg OMVs may provide a better understanding of the implications of periodontal diseases in neurodegenerative conditions such as AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract: Copyright of Oral Diseases is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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