Chronology of the Seima-Turbino bronzes, early Shang Dynasty and Santorini eruption. (German)

SIBERIA (Russia); SANTORINI Island (Greece); EURASIA

The essay "Chronology of the Seima-Turbino bronzes, early Shang Dynasty and Santorini eruption" by Stanislav Grigoriev deals with the chronology of the Seima-Turbino bronzes, the early Shang Dynasty, and the Santorini eruption. The study emphasizes the importance of the Seima-Turbino bronzes for the periodization and chronology in Eurasia. The authors have conducted detailed analyses of objects and identified various types, chemical and metallurgical groups, as well as alloy types. The Seima-Turbino tradition spread from southern Siberia to the west, possibly also from the Abashevo culture in the Volga region. The chronology of the Seima-Turbino bronzes remains uncertain, but they are dated to the 22nd to 20th centuries BC. The distribution of the Seima-Turbino bronzes allows them to be dated using European dendrochronology and historical chronologies of the eastern Mediterranean and China. It is emphasized that historical chronologies, despite their flaws, are more accurate than radiocarbon chronologies. [Extracted from the article]

Seima-Turbino bronzes spread in Eurasia at the transition to the Late Bronze Age. However, the absolute chronology of this horizon remains unclear. Radiocarbon chronology now determines their interval to have been ca. 22^nd–20^th centuries BC, or the first third of the 2^nd millennium BC. The presence of this tradition from Europe to China makes it possible to associate them with historical chronology. The basis for this is the chronologies of the early Shang Dynasty in China, Central Europe and the Shaft Graves of Greece. The Santorini eruption presents an opportunity to compare these chronologies. As a result, the Seima-Turbino bronzes are dated to the first half of the 17^th century BC, or within the 18^th century BC to the first half of the 16^th century BC. This suggests that as the radiocarbon method develops, its results will be close to historical chronology. Seima-Turbino-Bronzen verbreiteten sich in Eurasien am Übergang zur Spätbronzezeit, die absolute Chronologie dieses Horizonts verbleibt jedoch unklar. Die Radiokarbon-Chronologie bestimmt jetzt ihr Intervall ca. 22.–20. Jahrhundert v. Chr. Eine Präsenz dieser Tradition von Europa bis China erlaubt es jedoch. Sie mit historischen Chronologien in Überstimmung zu bringen. Die Grundlage dafür bilden Chronologien der frühen Shang-Dynastie in China, solche in Mitteleuropa und die der Schachtgräber Griechenlands. Der Ausbruch von Santorin bietet eine Gelegenheit, diese miteinander zu vergleichen. Daher werden die Seima-Turbino-Bronzen in die erste Hälfte des 17. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. (oder im 18. Jahrhundert v. Chr.) bis in die erste Hälfte des 16. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. datiert. Dies deutet darauf hin, dass die Ergebnisse der Radiokarbonmethode mit der Weiterentwicklung der historischen Chronologie nahekommen werden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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