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Marine diets of anadromous Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) and pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) in Svalbard, Norway.
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- Author(s): Bengtsson, Olof; Lydersen, Christian; Christensen, Guttorm; Węsławski, Jan Marcin; Kovacs, Kit M.
- Source:
Polar Biology; Nov2023, Vol. 46 Issue 11, p1219-1234, 16p- Subject Terms:
- Source:
- Additional Information
- Subject Terms:
- Abstract: During summer, native anadromous Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) and the alien species pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) now coexist in marine environments in Svalbard, following the introduction of the latter in the Barents Region. To investigate potential dietary competition between these two salmonid species, stomach contents from Arctic char (n = 301) and pink salmon (n = 28) were sampled from different areas within the archipelago. The most important prey in terms of biomass for both salmonid species were amphipods; Themisto libellula (B = 26.0%) for Arctic char and Onisimus litoralis (B = 35.0%) for pink salmon. Pianka's niche overlap revealed that dietary overlap between the two species was moderately high (O
obs = 0.59); both species had strong associations with intertidal invertebrates in areas where direct comparisons were possible (Kongsfjorden/Krossfjorden). However, both salmonid species did also eat some fish, with Arctic char consuming more offshore pelagic fish, while the small number of fish eaten by pink salmon were primarily coastal demersal fish species. Arctic char was a more generalist feeder, while pink salmon was more of a dietary specialist. Furthermore, the diet composition of the Arctic char consisted of 32.9% Atlantic prey while the pink salmon, surprisingly, ate only Arctic species, likely due to their tightly coastal feeding habits. Even though the sample size for pink salmon was low, this study contributes new insights into salmonid diets in Svalbard and the potential for introduced species to compete with native Arctic endemics, particularly in the expected warmer Arctic of the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] - Abstract: Copyright of Polar Biology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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