Epstein-Barr virus microRNAs are evolutionarily conserved and differentially expressed.

Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101238921 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1553-7374 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15537366 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS Pathog Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science, c2005-

Conserved Sequence* ; Evolution, Molecular* ; Gene Expression*; Herpesvirus 4, Human/*genetics ; MicroRNAs/*genetics; Cell Line ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/genetics ; Humans ; Lymphocryptovirus/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Transcription, Genetic ; Virus Latency ; Virus Replication

The pathogenic lymphocryptovirus Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is shown to express at least 17 distinct microRNAs (miRNAs) in latently infected cells. These are arranged in two clusters: 14 miRNAs are located in the introns of the viral BART gene while three are located adjacent to BHRF1. The BART miRNAs are expressed at high levels in latently infected epithelial cells and at lower, albeit detectable, levels in B cells. In contrast to the tissue-specific expression pattern of the BART miRNAs, the BHRF1 miRNAs are found at high levels in B cells undergoing stage III latency but are essentially undetectable in B cells or epithelial cells undergoing stage I or II latency. Induction of lytic EBV replication was found to enhance the expression of many, but not all, of these viral miRNAs. Rhesus lymphocryptovirus, which is separated from EBV by > or =13 million years of evolution, expresses at least 16 distinct miRNAs, seven of which are closely related to EBV miRNAs. Thus, lymphocryptovirus miRNAs are under positive selection and are likely to play important roles in the viral life cycle. Moreover, the differential regulation of EBV miRNA expression implies distinct roles during infection of different human tissues.

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AI63928 United States AI NIAID NIH HHS; GM071408 United States GM NIGMS NIH HHS; R01 AI063928 United States AI NIAID NIH HHS; P01 DE014388 United States DE NIDCR NIH HHS; R01 GM071408 United States GM NIGMS NIH HHS; DE14388 United States DE NIDCR NIH HHS; R01 CA032979 United States CA NCI NIH HHS; AI0724522 United States AI NIAID NIH HHS; R37 AI063928 United States AI NIAID NIH HHS; R56 AI063928 United States AI NIAID NIH HHS

GENBANK AJ507799; AY037858

0 (MicroRNAs)

Date Created: 20060325 Date Completed: 20060720 Latest Revision: 20220321

20240829

PMC1409806

10.1371/journal.ppat.0020023

16557291