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The nutritional status of astronauts is altered after long-term space flight aboard the International Space Station.
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- Author(s): Smith, Scott M.; Zwart, Sara R.; Block, Gladys; Rice, Barbara L.; Davis#Street, Janis E.
- Source:
Journal of Nutrition. Mar2005, Vol. 135 Issue 3, p437-443. 7p. 4 Charts, 2 Graphs. - Source:
- Additional Information
- Subject Terms: SPACE flight; AERONAUTICS; HEALTH of astronauts; NUTRITIONAL assessment; NUTRITION; BONE resorption; WEIGHTLESSNESS; ERYTHROCYTES; ACUTE phase proteins; BODY composition; COMPARATIVE studies; DIETARY supplements; INGESTION; INTERNATIONAL relations; RESEARCH methodology; MEDICAL cooperation; RESEARCH; SUPEROXIDE dismutase; TIME; VITAMIN D; OXIDATIVE stress; EVALUATION research; RESEARCH personnel; DEOXYRIBONUCLEOSIDES; NUTRITIONAL status
- Abstract: Defining optimal nutrient requirements is critical for ensuring crew health during long-duration space exploration missions. Data pertaining to such nutrient requirements are extremely limited. The primary goal of this study was to better understand nutritional changes that occur during long-duration space flight. We examined body composition, bone metabolism, hematology, general blood chemistry, and blood levels of selected vitamins and minerals in 11 astronauts before and after long-duration (128-195 d) space flight aboard the International Space Station. Dietary intake and limited biochemical measures were assessed during flight. Crew members consumed a mean of 80% of their recommended energy intake, and on landing day their body weight was less (P = 0.051) than before flight. Hematocrit, serum iron, ferritin saturation, and transferrin were decreased and serum ferritin was increased after flight (P < 0.05). The finding that other acute-phase proteins were unchanged after flight suggests that the changes in iron metabolism are not likely to be solely a result of an inflammatory response. Urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine concentration was greater and RBC superoxide dismutase was less after flight (P < 0.05), indicating increased oxidative damage. Despite vitamin D supplement use during flight, serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol was decreased after flight (P < 0.01). Bone resorption was increased after flight, as indicated by several markers. Bone formation, assessed by several markers, did not consistently rise 1 d after landing. These data provide evidence that bone loss, compromised vitamin D status, and oxidative damage are among critical nutritional concerns for long-duration space travelers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract: Copyright of Journal of Nutrition is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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