Geophysics-steered self-supervised learning for deconvolution.

Deep learning (DL) has achieved remarkable progress in geophysics. The most commonly used supervised learning (SL) framework requires massive labelled representative data to train artificial neural networks (ANNs) for good generalization. However, the labels are limited or unavailable for field seismic data applications. In addition, SL generally cannot take advantage of well-known physical laws and thus fails to generate physically consistent results. The weaknesses of standard SL are non-negligible. Therefore, we provide an open-source package for geophysics-steered self-supervised learning (SSL; taking application to seismic deconvolution as an example). With the wavelet given, we incorporate the convolution model into the loss function to measure the error between the synthetic trace generated by the ANN deconvolution result and the observed data, steering the ANN's learning process toward yielding accurate and physically consistent results. We utilize an enhanced U-Net as the ANN. We determine a hard threshold operator to impose a sparse constraint on the ANN deconvolution result, which is challenging for current DL platforms because no layer is available. 2-D/3-D ANNs can naturally introduce spatial regularization to the ANN deconvolution results. Tests on synthetic data and 3-D field data with available well logs verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The approach outperforms the traditional trace-by-trace method in terms of accuracy and spatial continuity. Experiments on synthetic data validate that sparsity promotion matters for sparse recovery problems. Field data results of the proposed approach precisely identify the layer interfaces and mostly match well with the log. All codes and data are publicly available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7233751 (Xintao Chai). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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