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Utilizarea preparatelor antibacteriene la pacienţii cu COVID-19. (Romanian)
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- Alternate Title:
The use of antibacterial preparations in COVID-19 patients. (English)
- Abstract:
SARS-CoV-2 which initially causes an acute respiratory infection with primary damage to the lungs, has shown that it later causes multiple lesions, being considered a systemic disease. Pneumonia caused by the coronavirus is characterized by the development of a marked inflammatory process by direct damage to the pulmonary alveolocytes, as well as by an imbalance of the innate and adaptive immune status, pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, coagulation and fibrinolysis processes. The empirical use of antibacterial preparations has shown an evolution depending on the epidemiological situation, the data of experimental and clinical studies and the accumulated experience. The excessive prescription of antibiotics was determined by of subjective reasons, and with the accumulation of data confirming coinfections and/or secondary infections, the administration of antibacterial preparations was redirected. Beta-lactams, macrolides and fluoroquinolones were the most prescribed antibacterial drugs, for which possible antiviral effects were also estimated (azithromycin etc.). The use of antibiotics from the surveillance and reserve groups, according to WHO policy, was one of the major problems during the pandemic due to the aspect of dangerous microbial resistance. The elucidation of the microbial agents involved in the etiology of bacterial infections in COVID-19 has allowed for a more targeted selection of antibiotics, including regarding the danger of threatening microbial resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract:
SARS-CoV-2 care provoacă inițial o infecție respiratorie acută cu afectarea primară a plămânilor, a demonstrat că ulterior provoacă leziuni multiple, fiind considerat o maladie sistemică. Pneumonia determinată de coronavirus se caracterizează prin dezvoltarea unui proces inflamator marcant cu afectarea directă a alveololelor pulmonare, precum și de un dezechilibru al statusului imun înnăscut și adaptiv, al citokinelor și chemokinelor proinflamatorii și antiinflamatorii, al proceselor de coagulare și fibrinoliză. Utilizarea empirică a preparatelor antibacteriene a demonstrat o evoluție în funcție de situația epidemiologică, datele studiilor experimentale și clinice și experiența acumulată. Prescrierea excesivă a antibioticelor a fost determinată de motive subiective, iar odată cu acumularea datelor de confirmare a coinfecțiilor și/sau infecțiilor secundare, administrarea preparatelor antibacteriene a fost redirecționată. Beta-lactaminele, macrolidele și fluorochinolonele au fost cele mai prescrise preparate antibacteriene, la care s-au estimat și posibilele efecte antivirale (azitromicina etc.). Utilizarea antibioticelor din grupele de supraveghere și rezervă, conform politicii OMS, a constituit una dintre problemele majore pe parcursul pandemiei, prin aspectul rezistenței microbiene periculoase. Elucidarea agenților microbieni implicați în etiologia infecțiilor bacteriene în COVID-19 a permis selectarea mai țintită a antibioticelor, inclusiv prin prisma pericolului rezistenței microbiene amenințătoare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract:
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