THE PROBLEMS OF ANTHROPOTECHNOGENIC EFFECTS ON THE HYDROSPHERE IN THE CONTEXT OF ENVIRONMENTAL-ECONOMIC SECURITY OF WATER USE: FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS.

ПРОБЛЕМИ АНТРОПОТЕХНОГЕННОГО ВПЛИВУ НА ГІДРОСФЕРУ В КОНТЕКСТІ ЕКОЛОГОЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ВОДОКОРИСТУВАННЯ: ФІНАНСОВО-ЕКОНОМІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ.

Within the article, the key factors of antrophotechnogenic effects on the hydrosphere are identified. Financial and credit instruments for regulating the impact on the hydrosphere are systematized. It is noted that the increased negative impact on water resources and irrational use of nature cause the depletion of drinking water resources, a decrease in the level of labor potential, a reduction in life expectancy, rapid demographic decline, intensification of migration processes, increases the relevance level of solving critical socio-economic problems of preserving the ecology and natural resources, the safety of water use to meet the needs of current and future generations. The authors systematized components and elements of ecological-economic safety of water use. It is noted that threats to the safety of water use are pollution of water bodies by cattle burials, production waste, storm-water and melt water, deforestation, land plowing, construction of residential and industrial facilities in coastal areas, activities of housing and utility enterprises, violation of water intake operation regimes, and etc. The research was carried out according to the data of the Chernihiv region. In particular, the hydrographic network of the region, the main water-using enterprises, as well as water-polluting enterprises, are studied; total water intake and factors influencing the ecological state of surface waters of the region are analyzed; the main problems in the treatment of return waters are substantiated. A set of measures is proposed aiming at the rational water use in the Chernihiv region, within the framework of the Environmental Protection Program of Chernihiv region for 2021-2027 directed at neutralizing negative ecological and socioeconomic consequences of anthropotechnogenic effects, in particular, certification of water objects in the region, reconstruction of water treatment facilities, hydro-technical facilities, and reservoirs, construction of local treatment/mini-treatment facilities, elements of sewage systems (collectors, pumping stations, networks), arrangement of sources and wells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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