発達の連続性と変化を問うということ： アタッチメント縦断研究に見るアポリア. (Japanese)

Developmental Continuity and Changes: Its Aporia from the Perspective of Longitudinal Studies on Human Attachment. (English)

For human lifespan development research to be truly developmental, it is essential that the flow of time in which people live in a prospective manner is examined. Thus, longitudinal research should be enriched in developmental psychology. However, merely collecting longitudinal data does not reveal developmental continuity and changes from infancy to old age. Consequently, an in-depth examination of theories of developmental continuity and changes and use of appropriate methods based on these theories are imperative. In this paper, several long-term longitudinal studies on the lifespan development of human attachment are reviewed. Endeavors have been made to examine the continuity and changes of personal characteristics of attachment throughout life by employing the conceptual device of Internal Working Model. The difficulties of examining developmental continuity and changes, its aporia, and the possibilities and challenges of future longitudinal research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

人間の生涯発達に関する研究が真に発達的であるためには，人が生きる時間の流れを前方向視的に 追っていくことが必要である。そして，それは，とりもなおさず，発達心理学の中に，縦断研究を充実 させていくということを意味する。しかし，単に縦断的データの収集によって，乳児期から老年期に至 る全生涯の発達の連続性と変化が精細に明らかになる訳ではない。それを明らかにするためには，そも そも発達の連続性と変化とは何かということについて理論的に深く吟味し，それに基づいて適切な方法 を駆使しなくてはならない。本稿では，人間のアタッチメントの生涯発達に関するこれまでの長期縦断 研究を概観することを通して，それらが「内的作業モデル」という概念装置を用いながら，アタッチメ ントの個人的特質の生涯にわたる連続性と変化を問おうとしてきたことを論じる。その上で，発達の連 続性と変化を扱うことがいかに難しいか，そのアポリアについて考究し，今後の縦断研究の可能性と課 題に関して思いを巡らすことにする。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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