PREGLED UZROKA NESPOSOBNOSTI ŽELJEZNIČKIH IZVRŠNIH RADNIKA.

OVERVIEW OF THE CAUSES OF INACAPABLITY OF RAILWAY WORKERS.

The research was conducted on 409 railway workers who were examined in a period of 5 years at the Institution for Health Care Dr. Mijač. The aim was to analyse the type and type of medical examination, assessment of work ability and to establish the reasons why workers were temporarily or permanently incapable. 3.3% of examinations included women and 96.7% men, probably due to the specifics of the railway jobs, and the largest number of examinations belonged to the age group 41-62. Periodic examinations were performed most frequently, at which the most frequent assessment was capable of work. At intentional and control examinations, the most common assessment was also capable. Grades capable, temporarily incapable, incapable were most often made at periodic examinations. Some workers were temporarily incapacitated only once because their diagnosis required short-term treatment, and some multiple times as long as their disease was in the treatment phase and may be able or incapable at the end of treatment depending on treatment outcome. Permanently incapacitated workers were declared after the treatment was completed, and the health condition of the workers did not meet the requirements of the health ability of the workplace or in some cases due to age. Considering the psychological and physical complexity of the railway work, it is important to identify in a timely manner the diseases and conditions of railway workers that restrict the performance of work in a safe way for themselves and for the environment. It is important to emphasize the importance of previous examinations which should immediately eliminate inadequate workers in terms of medical fitness, and subsequently periodic and control and extraordinary examinations, which monitor possible changes in health status and thus reduce the possibility of incidents, injuries and occupational diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Istraživanje je provedeno na 409 željezničkih radnika koji su u razdoblju od 5 godina pregledavani u Ustanovi za zdravstvenu skrb dr. Mijač. Cilj je bio analizirati tip i vrstu zdravstvenog pregleda, ocjenu radne sposobnosti te ustanoviti razloge zbog kojih su radnici bili privremeno ili trajno nesposobni. Analizirani su broj i vrsta pregleda te broj i vrsta ocjene radne sposobnosti. Žene je uključivalo 3,3 % pregleda, a 96,7 % muškarce, vjerojatno zbog specifičnosti željezničkog posla te je najveći broj pregledanih pripadalo dobnoj skupini 41-62. Obavljena su 62 prethodna, 672 periodična, 10 ciljanih i 28 kontrolnih pregleda. Ocjene radne sposobnosti bile su 772 (88,23 %) sposoban, 27 (3,09 %) nesposoban i 76 (8,68 %) privremeno nesposoban. Najviše je obavljeno periodičnih pregleda, na kojima je najčešća ocjena bila sposoban. Na izvanrednim i kontrolnim pregledima također je najčešća ocjena bila sposoban. Ocjene sposoban, privremeno nesposoban te nesposoban najčešće su bile donesene na periodičnim pregledima. Neki radnici bili su samo jednom privremeno nesposobni jer je njihova dijagnoza zahtijevala kratkotrajno liječenje, a neki više puta, sve dok je njihova bolest bila u fazi liječenja te su po završetku liječenja mogli biti sposobni ili trajno nesposobni, ovisno o ishodu liječenja. Trajno nesposobni radnici proglašeni su nakon što je liječenje završeno te zdravstveno stanje radnika nije ispunjavalo uvjete zdravstvene sposobnosti radnog mjesta a u nekim slučajevima i zbog dobi. Bolesti koje su najčešće bile razlog onesposobljavanja bile su širokog spektra, a najčešće se radilo o kardiovaskularnim bolestima, psihičkim, poremećajima, nereguliranim endokrinim poremećajima, bolnim sindromima, neurološkim poremećajima, bolestima oka i bolestima uha. Uzimajući u obzir psihičku i fizičku zahtjevnost željezničkog posla, važno je pravovremeno utvrditi bolesti i stanja željezničara, ograničavajućih za obavljanje posla na siguran način za njih same, ali i za okolinu. Za istaknuti je i važnost prethodnih pregleda koji bi odmah trebali eliminirati neadekvatne radnike u smislu zdravstvene sposobnosti, a naknadno i periodičnih, kontrolnih i izvanrednih pregleda, kojima se prate eventualne promjene u zdravstvenom statusu te na taj način smanjuje mogućnost incidenata, ozljeda na radu i profesionalnih bolesti. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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